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Mineralogy and Elemental Analysis of Sasanian-Early Islamic Potsherds from the Jahangir Archaeological Monument in Ilam Based on Petrography, XRF, ICP, and TL Methods | ||
| مطالعات باستان شناسی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 33، آذر 1402، صفحه 75-91 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jarcs.2023.354447.143181 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Leila Khosravi* 1؛ Milad Baghsheikhi* 2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Research Institute of Archaeology, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph.D. Candidate in Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| To date, no experimental investigations utilizing petrographic, XRF, ICP, or TL methodologies have been undertaken for the analysis of Sasanian and Early Islamic pottery in Western Iran. Consequently, the findings of this study are anticipated to contribute valuable insights into the pottery production processes prevalent during this historical period in Western Iran. To achieve this objective, eight pottery specimens retrieved from the excavations of the Jahangir monument were submitted to the Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and the Geological Survey for petrographic analysis, while two samples each were designated for XRF, ICP, and thermoluminescence assessments. The primary research inquiries pertain to elucidating the composition and structure of the pottery, determining the firing intensity in the kiln, and discerning whether the pottery is of indigenous or imported origin. The outcomes of the experiments indicate the presence of three predominant compounds—quartz, iron oxide, and calcite—in the majority of samples procured from the Jahangir monument. Nonetheless, certain pottery specimens incorporate mica particles or chert stone in the clay composition. With few exceptions, the pottery is ascertained to be domestically manufactured, denoting its local provenance within the region. The texture of the selected pottery samples is characterized as silty, porphyritic, and inhomogeneously silty. The identification of calcite in the clay of all Jahangir pottery suggests a maximum kiln temperature of 800°C during the firing process. Furthermore, notwithstanding a limited number of exceptions, the scarcity of soil variations in the majority of pottery specimens implies a shared geographical origin | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Pottery؛ Petrography؛ XRF؛ ICP؛ Thermoluminescence Dating؛ Jahangir | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Mineralogy and Elemental Analysis of Sasanian-Early Islamic Potsherds from the Jahangir Archaeological Monument in Ilam Based on Petrography, XRF, ICP | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Leila Khosravi1؛ Milad Baghsheikhi2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor. Research Institute of Archaeology, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph.D. Candidate in Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To date, no experimental investigations utilizing petrographic, XRF, ICP, or TL methodologies have been undertaken for the analysis of Sasanian and Early Islamic pottery in Western Iran. Consequently, the findings of this study are anticipated to contribute valuable insights into the pottery production processes prevalent during this historical period in Western Iran. To achieve this objective, eight pottery specimens retrieved from the excavations of the Jahangir monument were submitted to the Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and the Geological Survey for petrographic analysis, while two samples each were designated for XRF, ICP, and thermoluminescence assessments. The primary research inquiries pertain to elucidating the composition and structure of the pottery, determining the firing intensity in the kiln, and discerning whether the pottery is of indigenous or imported origin. The outcomes of the experiments indicate the presence of three predominant compounds—quartz, iron oxide, and calcite—in the majority of samples procured from the Jahangir monument. Nonetheless, certain pottery specimens incorporate mica particles or chert stone in the clay composition. With few exceptions, the pottery is ascertained to be domestically manufactured, denoting its local provenance within the region. The texture of the selected pottery samples is characterized as silty, porphyritic, and inhomogeneously silty. The identification of calcite in the clay of all Jahangir pottery suggests a maximum kiln temperature of 800°C during the firing process. Furthermore, notwithstanding a limited number of exceptions, the scarcity of soil variations in the majority of pottery specimens implies a shared geographical origin | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pottery, Petrography, XRF, ICP, Thermoluminescence Dating, Jahangir | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Aghanabati, S.A. 2006. Geology of Iran, Tehran: Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. [in Persian]. Amanollahi, H. 2009. Petrography and its application in the identification of archaeological materials (case study of stones). Payam-e Bastanshenas. 6 (12): 121–140. [in Persian]. Bahroloulomi. F. 2018. Report on the Results of Dating 5 Samples of the Jahangir Site. Tehran: Research Institute for Conservation and Restoration, Cultural Heritage Research Institute. [in Persian]. Bakhtavar. Z. M. Shateri and A. Khosrowzade. 2021. The Petrographic Analysis of Thin Sections on the Non-Glazed Painted Pottery Ceramics of the Islamic Era in Qeshm Island. Pazhohesh-Ha-Ye Bastanshenasi Iran, Vol. 11 (28): 153–172. [in Persian]. Beheshti, I. 2019. Petrographic analysis results for nine samples of pottery from the Gowriyeh site. the research center for the conservation of cultural relics of the Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism. [in Persian]. Eftekharnejad, J. 1980. Separation of different parts of Iran in terms of structural status in relation to sedimentary basins. Iranian Petroleum Institute, No. 8. [in Persian]. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran, 2016. 1: 100,000 geological maps of Ilam province and their reports. [in Persian]. Golestanifard, F. (2004). Methods Identification and Materials Analysis. Tehran: University of Science and Technology. [in Persian]. Khosravi, L. 2021a. An overview of the Three Seasons of Archaeological Excavations at Jahangir Site, Ilam Journal of Archaeological Studies, Vol. 12, No. 4 (24): 77–94. [in Persian]. Khosravi, L. 2021b. New archaeological excavations of the Jahangir and Gowriyeh manor houses in the west of the Sassanid Empire, Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies. the British Institute of Persian Studies. Khosravi. L. 2020. Newly-found Stucco remains from the Sasanian Noble Residence at Gūriyeh and Jahāngir near the Kangir River of Eyvan, Ilam Province. Pazhohesh-Ha-Ye Bastanshenasi Iran. Vol. 10. (24): 141–167. [in Persian]. Khosravi. L.2017. Report on the excavation of the Jahangir Dome, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research of the Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism.[in Persian]. Nabavi, M. H. 1976. An introduction to the geology of Iran. Tehran: Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. [in Persian]. Naghshine. A. S. E. Hatami and H. Nikravan Matin. 2014. Petrographic Study of the Iron Age Pottery of Huto Cave. Pazhohesh-Ha-Ye Bastanshenasi Iran, Vol. 3(5): 63–78. [in Persian]. Noghani, S., and M.A. Emami. 2013. An Investigation of the Re-Carbonation Process and Formation of Secondary Calcite in the Texture of Ancient Potteries by the Petrographical Method. Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran, Vol. 3, (5): 55–67. [in Persian]. Pourmomeni, S. (2018). Analysis and Geochemical Study of Pottery Production on the Hormangan Site." MA thesis, department of archaeology, University of Tehran. [in Persian]. Sardari. A. M. H. Taheri, 2017. The Petrography and XRF Analysis of Bakun Pottery Assemblage at Tal-e Mash Karim, Semirom District. Pazhohesh-Ha-Ye Bastanshenasi Iran.7 (15):65–80. [in Persian]. Shepard, A. O. 1956. Ceramics for the Archaeologist. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington. Stoeklin, J. 1968. Structural history and tectonics of Iran: a review. AAPG Bulletin 52 (7): 1229–1258. | ||
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