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مطالعه وضعیت انباشت فلزات سنگین در خاک در نتیجه کاربرد چندساله کمپوست زباله شهری با استفاده از مدلسازی | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 6، شهریور 1403، صفحه 847-867 اصل مقاله (1.84 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.373865.669679 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سید مجید موسوی* 1؛ حامد رضایی2؛ آزاده صداقت3؛ لیلا اسماعیل نژاد4؛ پوریا توحیدطلب5؛ سید علی غفاری نژاد1 | ||
1بخش تحقیقات حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج، ایران | ||
2بخش تحقیقات پایش و بهسازی منابع خاک و آب، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج، ایران | ||
3بخش تحقیقات آبیاری، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب؛ کرج، ایران | ||
4بخش تحقیقات پایش و بهسازی منابع خاک و آب، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب, کرج، ایران | ||
5گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
ورود عناصر سنگین به خاک از طریق مدیریت کوددهی و در نهایت به زنجیرهی غذایی یکی از چالشهای مهم کشاورزی محسوب میشود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی وضعیت انباشت برخی فلزات سنگین در کرتهای 4 سال تیمار شده با سطوح مختلف کمپوست زباله شهری در سال زراعی 1400 در موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کرج اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل T1: شاهد (کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی NPK)؛T2 : 20 تن کمپوست زباله شهری هر دوسال یکبار+ کودهای شیمیایی NPK؛T3 : کاربرد سالانه20 تن در هکتار کمپوست زباله شهری + کود شیمیایی نیتروژن؛T4 : کاربرد سالانه 20 تن کود کمپوست زباله شهری؛T5 : کاربرد 20 تن در هکتار کمپوست زباله شهری هر دو سال یکبار + کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی NPK + کاربرد محرکهای زیستی رشد گیاه بود. بر اساس غلظت فلزات مورد مطالعه در خاک، وضعیت انباشت آنها با استفاده از مدلهای HYDRUS-1D و MACRO بررسی شد. نتایج پیشبینی مدل از وضعیت انباشت فلزات سنگین مورد مطالعه در عمق 45-0 سانتیمتر خاک نشان داد که مسئلهدارترین تیمار، تیمار T3 میباشد، بهطوریکه کاربرد آن بعد از 50 سال، بیشترین انباشت فلزات سنگین را در پی خواهد داشت. از این رو بهمنظور بهره بردن از پتانسیل قابل توجه کمپوست زباله شهری در افزایش عملکرد محصول و همچنین، کاهش خطر ورود فلزات سنگین به زنجیره غذایی، پیشنهاد میشود بعد از کنترل کیفی کمپوست مورد استفاده از نظر محتوای فلزات سنگین، میزان مصرف آن متناسب با نیاز تغذیه ای گیاه و خصوصیات خاک بوده و ترجیحاً بصورت تلفیقی با کود شیمیایی مصرف شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کمپوست زباله جامد شهری؛ فلزات سنگین؛ شاخصهای آلودگی خاک؛ آلودگی خاک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Studying the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil as a result of multi-year application of municipal waste compost using modeling | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Seyed Majid Mousavi1؛ Hamed Rezaei2؛ Azadeh Sedaghat3؛ leila esmaeelnejad4؛ Pouria Tohidtalab5؛ Seyed Ali Ghaffari Nejad1 | ||
1Department of Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition, Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran | ||
2Department of Soil Reclamation and Sustainable Land, Soil and Water Research Institute; Karaj, Iran | ||
3Department of Irrigation, Soil and Water Research Institute; Karaj, Iran | ||
4Department of Soil Reclamation and Sustainable Land, Soil and Water Research Institute; Karaj, Iran. | ||
5Department of Soil Science; Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran; Karaj, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The entry of heavy metals into the soil through fertilization is one of the most important challenges of agriculture. The present study was conducted to investigate the accumulation of some heavy metals in plots treated with different levels of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) for 4 years at the Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2021. The studied treatments were T1: control (application of NPK based on soil testing); T2: 20 tons/ha MSWC every two years + T1; T3: annual application of 20 tons/ha MSWC + nitrogen chemical fertilizer; T4: annual application of 20 tons/ha of MSWC; T5: application of 20 tons/ha MSWC every two years + T1 + application of plant growth biological stimulants. Based on the concentration of the studied metals in the soil, their status was checked using HYDRUS-1D and MACRO models. The estimation results of the models at the depth of 0-45 cm of the soil showed that the most problematic treatment was the T3 treatment. So its application after 50 years will result in the highest accumulation of heavy elements. Therefore, to take advantage of the significant potential of MSWC in increasing the yield and also reducing the risk of heavy metals entering the food chain as a result of using MSWC as fertilizer, it is suggested that after the quality control of the MSWC used, regarding the content of heavy metals, its application is proportional to the plant's nutritional needs and soil characteristics. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Municipal solid waste compost, Heavy metals, Soil pollution indicators, Soil pollution | ||
مراجع | ||
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