Effects of application of Azospirillum bacteria and sulfur spraying on yield and photosynthetic pigments of wheat cultivars | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| Volume 55, Issue 9, November 2024, Pages 1505-1520 PDF (1.19 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.22059/ijswr.2024.379146.669753 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Zohreh Karimi* 1; Mohammad Javad Zarea1; Arash Fazeli2; Batool Zarei2 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Crop Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Crop Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Wheat is one of the primary cereals in most countries, and in recent decades, its cultivation has been significantly impacted by environmental conditions due to climate change. Therefore, an experiment was conducted during the 2020-2021 agricultural year to examine the response of photosynthetic pigments and the yield of different wheat cultivars to the combined application of bacteria and sulfur under rainfed conditions. This factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors included four wheat cultivars: Eivan, Sardari, Homa, and Azar 2, sulfur treatment at two levels: foliar spray with distilled water as a control and foliar spray with sulfur and bacterial treatment at two levels: without inoculation (control) and inoculation with Azospirillum bacteria. The results showed that the highest grain yield (3030 kg/ha) was observed in the Eivan cultivar with the application of Azospirillum bacteria. Inoculation with Azospirillum bacteria increased the grain yield of the Eivan and Sardari cultivars by 17.9% and 42%, respectively, while no statistically significant effect was observed on the grain yield of the Homa and Azar 2 cultivars. The results indicated that sulfur spraying and bacterial application improved photosynthesis. Under rainfed conditions, the Eivan cultivar had significantly higher grain yield compared to the Sardari, Homa, and Azar 2 cultivars and produced a higher yield with bacterial application. Azospirillum bacteria increased leaf photosynthesis. Plant nutrition management and the use of growth-promoting bacteria, with their physiological effects, can be considered strategies for improving yield under rainfed conditions. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Photosynthesis rate; transpiration rate; sustainable agriculture; carotenoid; chlorophyll | ||
| References | ||
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