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مقایسه کلسیم و سدیم در آزادسازی و تثبیت مجدد پتاسیم در برخی از خاک‌های جنوب ایران با ویژگی‌های مختلف فیزیکی، شیمیایی و مینرالوژیکی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 6، شهریور 1404، صفحه 1631-1646 اصل مقاله (1.77 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.393016.669917 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی نجفی قیری* 1؛ حمید رضا بوستانی2؛ نازنین سلیمانی2؛ یونس قارزی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2گروه علوم خاک و آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تبادل پتاسیم بین لایه‌ای کانی‌ها با کاتیون‌های مختلف محلول خاک می‌تواند سبب آزادسازی این شکل پتاسیم و تأمین بخشی از پتاسیم مورد نیاز گیاه در خاک‌های تخلیه شده از پتاسیم شود. توانایی کاتیون‌های مختلف در تبادل پتاسیم در خاک‌های مختلف می‌تواند متفاوت باشد. در تحقیق حاضر، توانایی محلول‌های 01/0 مولار کلرید کلسیم، کلرید سدیم و مخلوط کلرید کلسیم و سدیم در عصاره‌گیری پتاسیم غیرتبادلی از چهار خاک با ویژگی‌های مختلف طی 12 بار عصاره‌گیری 15 دقیقه‌ای و تغییرات در توانایی تثبیت مجدد پتاسیم توسط این خاک‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. خاک‌های مورد مطالعه دارای مقدار بالایی اسمکتیت در بخش رس بوده و کانی‌های کلریت، ایلیت و پالیگورسکیت نیز به مقدار کمتر یافت می‌شود. در همه خاک‌ها، کلرید سدیم مقدار پتاسیم بیشتری را نسبت به کلرید کلسیم عصاره‌گیری کرد (به ترتیب افزایش 24، 64، 68 و 83 درصدی برای خاک‌های یک، دو، سه و چهار 1، 2، 3 و 4). بیشترین مقدار پتاسیم از خاک سه (Ustorthents) و کمترین آن از خاک 4 (Torriorthents) استخراج شد. اگر چه در سه مرحله اولیه عصاره‌گیری، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین کلرید کلسیم و کلرید سدیم از نظر استخراج پتاسیم وجود نداشت اما در 9 مرحله بعدی، کلرید سدیم مقدار بیشتری پتاسیم را از همه خاک‌ها استخراج کرد (افزایش 47 تا 149 درصدی) که این می‌تواند در نتیجه تأثیر سدیم بر پراکندگی رس‌ها و تماس بیشتر محلول با محل‌های تبادلی و جلوگیری از تثبیت مجدد پتاسیم توسط اسمکتیت‌ها باشد. توانایی تثبیت پتاسیم در خاک یک (Haploxerets) بسیار بیشتر از سایر خاک‌ها بود و خاک‌هایی که تحت تأثیر عصاره‌گیری کلرید سدیم قرار گرفته بودند مقدار کمتری پتاسیم را تثبیت کردند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسمکتیت؛ کربنات کلسیم معادل؛ پراکندگی رس؛ پتاسیم غیرتبادلی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of calcium and sodium in the release and re-fixation of potassium in various soils with distinct physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics in southern Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri1؛ Hamid Reza Boostani2؛ Nazanin Soleimani2؛ Younes Qarzi2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University | ||
| 2Department of Soil and Water Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The exchange of mineral interlayer potassium (K) with soluble cations in the soil can release this form of K and supply a portion of the potassium required by plants in K-depleted soils. In the present study, the ability of 0.01M CaCl2, NaCl, and a mixture of CaCl2 and NaCl to extract non-exchangeable K from four soils with distinct characteristics over twelve 15-minute extraction periods, and the changes in soil’s capacity to re-fix K were investigated. The studied soils contained a high amount of smectite in the clay fraction with smaller amounts of chlorite, illite, and palygorskite minerals also present. Overall, NaCl extracted more K than CaCl₂ in all soils, with increases of up to 24, 64, 68, and 83% for soils 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The highest amount of K was extracted from soil 3 (Ustorthents), while the lowest was from soil 4 (Torriorthents). Although, there was no significant difference between CaCl2 and NaCl in terms of K extraction in the initial three extraction stages, NaCl extracted a greater amount of K from all soils in the subsequent nine stages with increases ranging from 47 to 149%. This enhanced extraction may be attributed to the effect of Na on the clay dispersion, which increases the contact of the solution with the exchange sites and preventing the re-fixation of K by smectites. The capacity to fix K in soil 1 (Haploxerets) was significantly higher than in the other soils, while soils subjected to NaCl extraction exhibited a reduced ability to fix K. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| smectite, equivalent calcium carbonate, clay dispersion, non-exchangeable potassium | ||
| مراجع | ||
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