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بررسی پسماندهای عفونی بیمارستان‌ها و مراکز خدمات جامع سلامت شهر رشت و تعیین غلظت فلزات سنگین در شیرابه | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| دوره 78، ویژه‌نامه پایش و مدیریت آلاینده‌های محیط‌زیست طبیعی، تیر 1404، صفحه 201-215 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2025.383376.2715 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| داریوش نقی پور؛ سید داود اشرفی؛ زهرا شهیدی مقدم؛ کامران تقوی* | ||
| گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکدة بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پسماندهای عفونی بیمارستانی به دلیل دارا بودن عوامل خطرناک و سمی، نیازمند مدیریت دقیق هستند؛ عدم مدیریت مناسب می‌تواند تهدیدی جدی برای سلامت عمومی و محیط‌زیست باشد. این پژوهش به آنالیز فیزیکی اجزای پسماندهای عفونی و بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین در شیرابة پسماندهای عفونی بیمارستان‌ها و مراکز خدمات جامع سلامت شهر رشت پرداخته است. در این مطالعة توصیفی-مقطعی، پسماندهای عفونی هفت بیمارستان دولتی و سه مرکز خدمات جامع سلامت طی دو هفته در فصول پاییز و زمستان از نظر کمی و کیفی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. برای سنجش فلزات سنگین، از دستگاه ICP-OES استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین وزن پسماندهای عفونی بین ۲/۲۰ تا ۵/۱۰۶ کیلوگرم در روز و دانسیتة آنها بین ۵/۲۸ تا ۱/۱۳۹ کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب متغیر بوده است. پلاستیک با میانگین ۹/۵۳-۱/۴ کیلوگرم در روز بیشترین و شیشه (آمپول) با میانگین ۴/۴ -۵/۰کیلوگرم در روز کمترین اجزای پسماندهای عفونی بودند. همچنین، بیشترین غلظت فلزات سنگین مربوط به روی (۹۰۴-۱۲۹میکروگرم بر لیتر) و کمترین غلظت مربوط به کادمیوم (5-1 میکروگرم بر لیتر) بود. از سوی دیگر، غلظت جیوه در شیرابة پسماندهای عفونی بالاتر از استانداردهای آبیاریUSEPA گزارش شد. با توجه به این نتایج، ضرورت اجرای برنامه‌های مدیریت مؤثر پسماند و آموزش کارکنان برای تفکیک اصولی پسماندها و همچنین اقدامات لازم برای کاهش غلظت جیوه احساس می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنالیز کمی و کیفی؛ پسماندهای عفونی؛ شیرابه پسماند عفونی؛ فلزات سنگین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Characterization of infectious wastes from hospitals and healthcare centers in Rasht city and determining the concentration of heavy metals in their leachate | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Dariush Naghipour؛ Seyed Davoud Ashrafi؛ Zahra Shahidi-Moghadam؛ Kamran Taghavi | ||
| Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Hospital infectious waste contains hazardous and toxic substances, necessitating careful management to prevent significant public health and environmental risks. This study investigates the physical composition of infectious waste and the concentrations of heavy metals in the leachate from hospitals and health care centers in Rasht. A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was conducted over two weeks during the fall and winter seasons, examining infectious waste from seven public hospitals and three health care centers both quantitatively and qualitatively. Heavy metal concentrations were measured using the ICP-OES device. The findings revealed that the average daily waste production ranged from 20.2 to 106.5 kg, with a density between 28.5 and 139.1 kg/m3. Plastic waste, averaging 4.1-53.9 kg per day, was the most prevalent, while glass (ampoules), ranging from 0.5 to 4.4 kg per day, was the least common. Zinc had the highest concentration among heavy metals (129-904 µg/L), while cadmium had the lowest (1-5 µg/L). Mercury levels in the leachate exceeded the irrigation standards established by the USEPA. These results underscore the necessity of implementing effective waste management strategies, including comprehensive staff training on proper waste segregation and the adoption of measures to reduce mercury concentrations. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heavy metals, Infectious wastes, Infectious waste leachate, Quantitative and qualitative analysis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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