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بررسی تأثیر پوشش گیاهی بر روی مؤلفه‌های بیلان آبی در وقایع بارشی شدید (مطالعه موردی: حوزه زوجی کاخک گناباد) | ||
| مجله اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 1، فروردین 1404، صفحه 595-612 اصل مقاله (1.42 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2025.386114.1853 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرشته رحیمی آغ چشمه1؛ محمد تقی دستورانی* 2؛ کمال الدین ناصری3؛ علی باقریان کلات4؛ مسعود عشقی زاده5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 4محقق زمین‌شناسی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 5دانشیار گروه مهندسی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده علوم، مجتع آموزش عالی گناباد، خراسان رضوی، گناباد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| موضوع: کاهش حجم و شدت رواناب سطحی در حوزه‌های آبخیز، به‌عنوان یکی از موضوعات محوری در مدیریت منابع طبیعی، به‌ویژه آبخیزداری و حفاظت خاک، اهمیت بالایی دارد. پوشش گیاهی، با تأثیرات قابل توجه بر چرخۀ هیدرولوژیکی، عامل مهمی در افزایش نفوذ آب و کاهش سیل‌خیزی به شمار می‌رود. هدف: این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر پوشش گیاهی بر مؤلفه‌های بیلان آبی در حوزۀ زوجی کاخک گناباد استان خراسان رضوی انجام شد. روش تحقیق: آزمایش‌ها بر روی 10 پلات آزمایشی به ابعاد 120×89 سانتی‌متر، در 2 شیب کم و زیاد (15-25 درصد و 40-55 درصد) و شدت بارش 84 میلی‌متر بر ساعت با استفاده از شبیه‌ساز باران انجام شد. پلات‌ها شامل پنج نوع پوشش گیاهی (گندمیان، پهن‌برگان یک‌ساله، بوته‌ای، ترکیبی و شاهد بدون پوشش) با دو تکرارند. داده‌های رواناب، میزان گل‌آلودگی و هدررفت خاک از مخازن انتهای پلات‌ها جمع‌آوری شد و رطوبت خاک با دستگاه TDR در دو مرحله (پیش و پس از بارش) اندازه‌گیری شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که پلات شمارۀ 2، با 73 درصد پوشش بوته‌ای، کمترین میزان رواناب (2/2 لیتر) و هدررفت خاک (40/3گرم) را داشتند. همچنین، شیب زمین تأثیر معنی‌داری بر رواناب و نفوذ آب داشت. نتیجه‌گیری: این یافته‌ها بر اهمیت انتخاب گونه‌های گیاهی مناسب، با ویژگی‌هایی مانند ریشۀ قوی و پوشش متراکم، در برنامه‌های حفاظت آب و خاک تأکید دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیلان آبی؛ شبیه‌سازی باران؛ دستگاه TDR؛ رطوبت خاک؛ رواناب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of plant cover on water balance components in extreme rainfall events (Case study: Kakhk Paired Watershed of Gonabad) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| fereshteh rahimi aghcheshmeh1؛ Mohammad Taghi Dastorani2؛ kamalodin naseri3؛ ali bagherian kalat4؛ Masoud Eshghizadeh5 | ||
| 11. PhD Student, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 22. Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, | ||
| 4Geological Researcher, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi | ||
| 5Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural and Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Gonabad, Khorasan Razavi, Gonabad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Objective: Reducing the volume and intensity of surface runoff in watersheds is of great importance as one of the central issues in natural resource management, especially watershed management and soil conservation. plant cover, with significant effects on the hydrological cycle, is an important factor in increasing water infiltration and reducing flooding. Method: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of plant cover on water balance components in the Kakhk Gonabad paired basin of Khorasan Razavi province. Experiments were conducted on 10 experimental plots measuring 120 × 89 cm, at 2 low and high slopes (15-25 percent and 40-55 percent) and a rainfall intensity of 84 mm/h using a rain simulator. The plots included five types of plant cover (bunchgrasses, forb, shrub and Combination cover, without cover) with two replications. Runoff, sediment load, and soil loss data were collected from the reservoirs at the ends of the plots, and soil moisture was measured with a TDR device in two stages (before and after rainfall). Results: The results showed that plot number 2, with 73% shrub cover, had the lowest runoff (2.2 liters) and soil loss (40.3 grams). Also, the slope of the land had a significant effect on runoff and water infiltration. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate plant species, with characteristics such as strong roots and dense cover, in soil and water conservation programs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| water balance, rain simulation, TDR device, soil moisture, runoff | ||
| مراجع | ||
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