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بررسی و ارزیابی خطر اکولوژیکی در رسوبات خشک شدة تالاب هورالعظیم | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| دوره 78، شماره 1، فروردین 1404، صفحه 73-90 اصل مقاله (1.5 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2024.379709.1776 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سروش نامجوفر1؛ احمد نوحه گر* 2؛ زینب سازور3 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، آلودگی هوا، پردیس بین المللی کیش- دانشگاه تهران. تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی سوانح، آموزش و سیستم‌های محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تالاب هورالعظیم با مساحت 1180 کیلومترمربع در جنوب‌غربی ایران در استان خوزستان قرار دارد و حدود 70 درصد از محدوده تالاب در عراق واقع شده که با چالش خشکسالی و حفاری‌های نفتی روبه‌رو شده است و بسیاری از اراضی جنوبی آن خشک شده و به کانون گردوغبار تبدیل شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی سطوح آلودگی فلزات سنگین در بخش خشک‌شدة این تالاب انجام شد. ابتدا 15 نقطه بر روی تصویر ماهواره‌ای لندست مشخص شد و از خاکِ خشک شدة تالاب با کوادرات نمونه‌برداری شد و در آزمایشگاه با دستگاه ICP-MS غلظت کادمیوم، مس، سرب، آهن، منگنز و نیکل اندازه‌گیری شد. برای ارزیابی سطوح آلودگی از شاخص‌های زمین‌انباشتگی ژئوشیمیایی (Igeo)، خطر اکولوژیکی (ER)، بار آلودگی (PLI)، خطر بالقوة آلودگی (RI)، امنیت آلودگی (CSI) و درجه اصلاح (mCd) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد غلظت کادمیوم، مس، نیکل و سرب بیشتر از حدمجاز آن در میانگین شیل است. بر اساس شاخص Igeo، آلودگی کادمیوم زیاد است و سطح آن متوسط تا شدید است. بر اساس شاخص PI نیز آلودگی کادمیوم و سرب به‌ترتیب زیاد و متوسط است. شاخص Er نشان می‌دهد آلودگی اکولوژیکی کادمیوم قابل‌ملاحظه است، اما دیگر فلزات خطر اکولوژیکی ندارند. میانگین شاخص‌های تجمعی ER و PLI به‌ترتیب 193 و 7/9 به‌دست آمد و بیان‌گر خطر اکولوژیکی محتمل برای تمام نقاط است. شاخص امنیت آلودگی CSI برای کادمیوم، مس، نیکل و سرب 52/0، 25/0، 02/4 و 34/0 و شاخص mCd نیز به‌ترتیب 27/0، 4/10، 9/13 و 9/8 به‌دست آمد بیان‌گر شدت خیلی زیاد امنیت آلودگی برای نیکل و کادمیوم است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خطر اکولوژیکی؛ تالاب؛ آلودگی خاک؛ فلزات سنگین؛ هورالعظیم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation and Assessment Ecological Risk in the Dried Sediments of Horul Azim Wetland | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| soroush namjoofar1؛ Ahmad Nohegar2؛ Zeinab Sazvar3 | ||
| 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Air Pollution, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Department of Disaster Engineering, Education and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, University of Tehran. Tehran. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Horul Azim Wetland is located in the southwestern Iran in Khuzestan Province, has 1180 km2. About 70% of the wetland is located in Iraq, which has faced the challenges of drought and oil drilling, and many of its southern lands have dried up and become dust center. The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the levels of heavy metal pollution in the dried part of this wetland. At first, 15 stations were identified on the LANDSAT image and the dried soil of the wetland was sampled by quadrat and the Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, Mn and Ni were measured by ICP-MS device. To assess the pollution levels, Igeo, ER, PLI, RI, CSI and mCd were used. The results showed that the concentration of Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb is higher than the shale standard. According to the Igeo, Cd pollution is high (moderate to severe). According to the PI, Cd and Pb pollution are high and moderate, respectively. The ER shows that the ecological pollution of Cd is significant, but other metals don't have ecological risk. The average of the cumulative indices ER and PLI were 193 and 9.7, respectively, indicating a possible ecological risk for all points. The CSI pollution safety for Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb was 0.52, 0.25, 4.02 and 0.34, and the mCd index was 0.27, 10.4, 13.9 and 8.9, respectively, indicating a very high severity of pollution safety for Ni and Cd. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ecological Risk, Wetland, Soil Pollution, Heavy Metals, Horul Azim | ||
| مراجع | ||
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