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تحلیل مقایسه‌ای روش‌های حسابداری مرسوم و MFCA برای ارزیابی بهره‌وری انرژی و اقتصادی در تولید گوجه‌فرنگی در شهرستان نهاوند | ||
| مهندسی بیوسیستم ایران | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 4، بهمن 1403، صفحه 45-62 اصل مقاله (1.64 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijbse.2025.388967.665582 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کامبیز سعیدی1؛ مجید نامداری* 1؛ علی رضا یوسفی2 | ||
| 1گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان. زنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کشاورزی به‌عنوان یکی از بزرگ‌ترین مصرف‌کنندگان انرژی، نیازمند روش‌های نوین برای بهبود کارایی است. این پژوهش به تحلیل انرژی و اقتصادی تولید گوجه‌فرنگی در شهرستان نهاوند با استفاده از روش‌های مرسوم و حسابداری هزینه جریان مواد (MFCA) می‌پردازد. در این مطالعه، مفهوم انرژی منفی، که بیانگر انرژی تلف‌شده در فرآیند تولید است، بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین انرژی ورودی به ازای هر هکتار 168945 مگاژول و خروجی مثبت 208213 مگاژول است، در حالی که خروجی منفی برابر با 38888 مگاژول محاسبه شد. برق و کودهای شیمیایی به ترتیب 68 و 21 درصد از کل ورودی انرژی را تشکیل دادند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد لحاظ کردن ضایعات و انرژی منفی اهمیت بالایی دارد. روش MFCA با درنظر گرفتن هزینه‌های محیط‌زیستی، کاهش 19 درصدی بازده انرژی نسبت به روش‌های مرسوم را نشان داد. همچنین، تلفات گوجه‌فرنگی با 80 درصد سهم از خروجی‌های منفی، بزرگ‌ترین عامل هدررفت انرژی بود. راهکارهای پیشنهادی شامل استفاده از تجهیزات مدرن، مدیریت دقیق برداشت، مدیریت تلفیقی آفات و بیماری‌ها، و به‌کارگیری فناوری‌های هوشمند برای آبیاری است. تحلیل اقتصادی نیز تفاوت قابل‌توجهی را در سود ناخالص بین دو روش محاسباتی نشان داد. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد که MFCA ابزاری مؤثر برای بهبود بهره‌وری و کاهش اثرات محیط‌زیستی در کشاورزی است و می‌تواند مبنای تصمیم‌گیری‌های آگاهانه در بهینه‌سازی مصرف منابع باشد. تخصیص یارانه‌های انرژی در ایران، منجر به کاهش انگیزه در راستای بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی شده است. این موضوع به عنوان یک عامل بازدارنده در بهبود بهره‌وری انرژی، شایسته توجه و بررسی در مطالعات آتی می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بهره‌وری؛ بازده انرژی؛ نسبت سود به هزینه؛ انرژی ورودی-خروجی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparative Analysis of Conventional and MFCA Methods for Assessing Energy and Economic Efficiency of Tomato Production in Nahavand County | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Kambiz Saidi1؛ Majid Namdari1؛ Alireza Yousefi2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Agriculture, as a major energy consumer, requires innovative approaches to enhance efficiency. This study analyzes the energy and economic aspects of tomato production in Nahavand County using conventional methods and Material Flow Cost Accounting (MFCA). Negative energy, representing wasted energy in production, was a key indicator in efficiency analysis. Results showed an average energy input of 168,945 MJ per hectare, with a positive output of 208,213 MJ ha-1 and a negative output of 38,888 MJ ha-1. Electricity and chemical fertilizers accounted for 68% and 21% of total energy input, respectively. Findings highlight the importance of considering waste and negative energy. MFCA, incorporating environmental costs and waste, revealed a 19% lower energy efficiency than conventional methods. Moreover, tomato losses, comprising 80% of negative outputs, were the largest energy waste factor. Proposed solutions include modern equipment, precise harvest management, integrated pest and disease management, and smart irrigation technologies. Economic analysis also showed a significant difference in gross return between methods. These results suggest that MFCA is an effective tool for improving efficiency and reducing environmental impacts in agriculture, offering practical strategies for sustainable development. This research provides a basis for informed decision-making in optimizing resource and energy use. Extensive energy subsidies in Iran have reduced incentives for energy efficiency improvements, posing a challenge to sustainability efforts. Addressing this issue requires further research to develop policies that promote optimal energy consumption in agricultural production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Efficiency, energy ratio, profit to cost ratio, energy input-output | ||
| مراجع | ||
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