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ارائه سازوکارهای موثر برمشارکت بهرهبرداران درمدیریت آب کشاورزی | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 56، شماره 1، فروردین 1404، صفحه 207-228 اصل مقاله (1.6 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.382642.669793 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
جواد فرهودی* 1؛ محمد قربانیان کردآبادی2 | ||
1استاد بازنشسته گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران و عضو اندیشکده آب ومحیط زیست- مرکز الگوی | ||
2فارغ التحصیل گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه کشورهای موفق در مدیریت آب کشاورزی، سعی کردهاند با «کاهش تصدیگری» و «انتقال مدیریت آب کشاورزی به بهرهبرداران» چالشهای موجود در این بخش را مدیریت کنند. در ایران، با وجود تجربههای ارزنده نظام بهرهبرداری سنتی، ایجاد نظام کارآمد متکی بر تشکلهای آببران، از موفقیت قابل توجهی برخوردار نبوده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناخت دقیق عوامل موثر بر مدیریت مشارکتی آب کشاورزی، زمینهها، انگیزهها و موانع آن و در نهایت ارائه سازوکارهای اجرایی در کشور است. به این منظور با استفاده از منابع کتابخانهای (جمعا 78 مورد طی بازه سالهای 1403-1349) به کدگذاری و مقولهبندی مفاهیم به روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و سپس ارائه یک مدل مفهومی پرداخته شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان میدهد، مهمترین دلایل عدم موفقیت در مدیریت مشارکتی آب، فقدان باور و اعتقاد در سطح ملی و نبود اراده لازم در نهادهای تصمیمگیر برای ساماندهی تشکلها، غالب بودن رویکرد فنسالارانه در بخش آب کشور، مشخص نبودن جایگاه قانونی و حقوقی تشکلهای آببران، توانمندنبودن تشکلها در جنبههای فنی، مالی، اقتصادی، حقوقی و فرهنگی برای مسئولیتپذیری، عدم ثبات سیاستهای حمایتی در ایجاد و ساماندهی تشکلها و ضعف هماهنگی بین سازمانهای تصمیمگیر در ارتباط با تشکلها در سطح ملی و محلی بوده است. برای نهادینهکردن مدیریت مشارکتی آب، تشکیل و رسمیتدادن به جامعه/تعاونیهای آببران و واگذاری وظایف و اختیارات مطابق با برنامه هفتم پیشرفت کشور، تعریف شفاف خدمات موردنیاز و ارائه آن، مشارکت و پاسخگویی متقابل بین دولت و ذینغعان و در نهایت استقرار نظام پشتیبانی تقاضامحور بر پایه مشارکت در هزینهها ضروری به نظر میرسد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ذینفعان؛ مدل مفهومی؛ حکمرانی آب؛ جامعه آب بران؛ مدیریت آبیاری مشارکتی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Presenting effective mechanisms for water users’ participation in agricultural water management | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
javad Faroudi1؛ Mohammad Ghorbanian Kerdabadi2 | ||
1. Corresponding Author, Department of Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
2Corresponding Author, Department of Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Nowadays, the successful countries in agricultural water management have attempted to address the challenges in this sector by “reducing their being in charge” and "transferring the management of agricultural water to stakeholders". In Iran, despite valuable experiences in efficient traditional water management and water users’ associations, significant achievements have not been gained. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to accurately identify the factors influencing the participatory management, its contexts, motivations, impediments, and ultimately to propose some mechanisms for implementing participatory management in agricultural water management. A content analysis method was employed, utilizing library resources (A total of 78 cases from 1971-2024). The results of this research indicate that the main reasons for the lack of successful achievements in participatory water management are mainly embedded in the absence of belief and conviction at the national level and the lack of necessary will among decision-making institutions to institute for participatory water management; the dominance of a technocratic approach in the water sector; the unclear legal status of water user associations and their weakness in technical, financial, economic, legal, and cultural aspects for accountability; the instability of supportive policies in establishing and organizing these associations. To institutionalize participatory irrigation management, it is essential to establish and formalize water user associations, delegate responsibilities and authorities in accordance with the country's seventh development plan, clearly define and provide water services, ensure mutual participation and accountability between the government and stakeholders, and ultimately establish a demand-driven support system based on cost-sharing. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Stakeholders, Conceptual Model, Water Governance, Water User Association, Participatory Irrigation Management | ||
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