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اثر بریکلاژ کارآفرینانه بر عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا؛ نقش میانجی دوسوتوانی بازار و نقش تعدیلگر تلاطم فناوری | ||
فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی | ||
دوره 18، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1404، صفحه 119-143 اصل مقاله (1.16 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی - کمی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jed.2025.390671.654492 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
نیما سلطانی نژاد1؛ فاطمه محمدی* 2 | ||
1گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی ، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
2گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف: در فرآیند رشد و توسعه، کسبوکارهای نوپا اغلب با محدودیت منابع مواجه میشوند. غلبه بر کمبود منابع برای بقا و توسعه این دسته از کسب و کارها حیاتی است کارآفرینان میتوانند با استفاده از بریکلاژ کارآفرینی شبکههای خود را گسترش دهند و به منابع بیشتری دسترسی پیدا کنند و در نتیجه امکان بررسی به موقع فرصتهای کارآفرینی را فراهم کنند و شانس بقا و توسعه را افزایش دهند. همچنین کسبوکارهای نوپا معمولاً با نیازهای جدید و رقابتهای نامشخص در بازار روبرو هستند. لذا برای بقای خود و رشد در این محیط پیچیده، این کسبوکارها باید از یک سو از تجربیات و دانشهای موجود استفاده کنند و از سوی دیگر به دنبال فرصتهای نوین باشند. این موضوع به این معناست که کسبوکارها باید دوسوتوان باشند و چالشهای تلاطم فناوری را مدنظر قرار دهند. در این راستا مطالعه حاضر، با هدف اولیه بررسی تأثیر بریکلاژ کارآفرینی بر عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا شکل گرفت و در ادامه نقش میانجی دوسوتوانی بازار و نقش تعدیلگر تلاطم فناوری بررسی گردید. روش: تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی است و در جستجوی راهکارهایی برای ارتقاء عملکرد رشد در دنیای کسب و کار، به خصوص در حوزه کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری میباشد. این مطالعه براساس ماهیت بعنوان یک تحقیق کمی تعریف میشود. تحقیقهای کمی معمولاً برای سنجش روابط بین متغیرها و تحلیل دادههای عددی صورت میگیرند که در این تحقیق نیز برای سنجش روابط بین بریکلاژ کارآفرینی، عملکرد رشد، دوسوتوانی بازار و تلاطم فناوری از این روش استفاده شده است. همچنین این تحقیق بر حسب نحوه گردآوری داده، از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی همبستگی است. در تحقیقهای همبستگی، هدف ذاتی بررسی رابطه متغیرها و مشخص نمودن شدت و جهت تاثیر است. ابزار گردآوری دادهها در این پژوهش پرسشنامه استاندارد بوده که به منظور سهولت در دسترسی تعداد 420 پرسشنامه در بین مدیران و کارشناسان کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری در شهرهای اصفهان، شیراز، یزد توزیع شد و تعداد 384 پرسشنامه قابل قبول جمع آوری گردید. پرسشنامه مذکور شامل سوالاتی جهت سنجش بریکلاژ کارآفرینی، عملکرد رشد، دوسوتوانی بازار و تلاطم فناوری بوده است. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری و با کمک نرم افزار اسمارت پیالاس نسخه سه انجام شده است. این نرم افزار به محققان امکان بررسی روابط پیچیده بین متغیرهای مکنون و آشکار را میدهد. یافتهها: نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها مبین تایید فرضیههای اصلی و فرعی تحقیق است. فرضیه اول تحقیق که بررسی تاثیر بریکلاژ کارآفرینی بر عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا میپرداخت، به صورت معناداری تایید شد. این یافته حاکی از آن است که بریکلاژ کارآفرینی به تنهایی نمیتواند اثر کافی بر عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری داشته باشد بلکه دوسوتوانی بازار نیز در این رابطه ایفا نقش میکند. علاوه بر تایید فرضیه اول، نتایج تحلیلهای آماری حاکی از تایید فرضیه دوم تحقیق نیز میباشد. این فرضیه به بررسی تاثیر بریکلاژ کارآفرینی بر دوسوتوانی بازار میپردازد. فرضیه سوم به بررسی تاثیر دوسوتوانی بازار بر عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری پرداخت که نتایج تحلیلهای آماری حاکی از تایید فرضیه سوم تحقیق میباشد. فرضیه چهارم تحقیق به بررسی نقش میانجی دوسوتوانی بازار در رابطه بریکلاژ کارآفرینی و عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری پرداخت که نتایج تحلیلهای آماری حاکی از تایید فرضیه چهارم تحقیق میباشد. فرضیه پنجم، ششم و هفتم تحقیق در خصوص نقش تعدیلگر تلاطم فناوری در روابط بین متغیرهای تحقیق میباشد که نتایج تحلیلهای آماری حاکی از تایید این فرضیه و اثبات نقش تعدیلگری تلاطم فناوری در این روابط دارد نتیجه: نتایج این تحقیق میتواند به کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری کمک کند تا با توجه به قابلیتهای بریکلاژ کارآفرینی، دوسوتوانی بازار و تلاطم فناوری، عملکرد رشد در کسب و کارشان ترویج یابد. استفاده از بریکلاژ به کسب و کارها امکان میدهد علیرغم داشتن منابع بسیار کم، از فرصتهای نوظهور بهرهبرداری کنند. با بهبود بریکلاژ کارآفرینی، عملکرد رشد کسب و کارهای نوپا گردشگری نیز افزایش مییابد و این ارتباط توسط دوسوتوانی بازار و تلاطم فناوری بهبود مییابد. دوسوتوانی بازار به عنوان یک ابزار نظری حیاتی برای شرکتهای نوپا عمل میکند تا بتوانند پارادوکس فرصت یعنی رفع نیاز بازار موجود و کاوش در بازار بالقوه را به طور همزمان هدایت کنند. از طرفی دیگر شرکتهای فعال با محیطی دائماً نوآورانه و نامشخص مواجه هستند. این بدان معناست که شرکتها به طور مداوم استراتژیهای رقابتی خود را در فرآیندهای خلق و تولید محصول تغییر خواهند داد؛. تلاطم فناوری با ویژگیهایی مانند "چرخههای کوتاه توسعه محصول و فرسودگی سریع فناوری" شناخته میشود. این شرایط میتواند فرصتهایی برای شرکتها ایجاد کند تا با تغییر یا بهبود محصولات خود، موقعیت رقابتی برتر کسب کنند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بریکلاژ کارآفرینانه؛ عملکرد رشد؛ دوسوتوانی بازار؛ تلاطم فناوری؛ کسب و کار نوپا | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The effect of entrepreneural bricolage on the growth performance of start-ups; the mediating role of market ambidexterity and the moderating role of technological turbulence | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
نیما سلطانی نژاد1؛ fatemeh mohammadi2 | ||
1Department of New Business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
2Department of Management, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Objective: In the process of growth and development, start-ups often face resource constraints. Overcoming resource scarcity is crucial for the survival and development of this type of business. Entrepreneurs can expand their networks and access more resources by using entrepreneurial bricolage, which allows them to explore entrepreneurial opportunities in a timely manner and increases their chances of survival and development. Also, start-ups usually face new needs and uncertain competition in the market. Therefore, to survive and grow in this complex environment, these businesses must use existing experiences and knowledge on the one hand and seek new opportunities on the other. This means that businesses must be ambidextrous and consider the challenges of technological turbulence. In this regard, the present study was formed with the primary aim of investigating the effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on the growth performance of start-ups, and then the mediating role of market ambidexterity and the moderating role of technological turbulence were examined. Method: The present study is applied in terms of its purpose and seeks solutions to improve growth performance in the business world, especially in the field of tourism start-ups. This study is defined as a quantitative study by nature. Quantitative studies are usually conducted to measure relationships between variables and analyze numerical data, and this method was used in this study to measure the relationships between entrepreneurial bricolage, growth performance, market ambidexterity, and technological turbulence. Also, this study is a descriptive correlational research in terms of the data collection method. In correlational studies, the inherent goal is to examine the relationship between variables and determine the intensity and direction of the effect. The data collection tool in this study was a standard questionnaire. In order to facilitate access, 420 questionnaires were distributed among managers and experts of tourism start-ups in the cities of Isfahan, Shiraz, and Yazd, and 384 acceptable questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire included questions to measure entrepreneurial bricolage, growth performance, market ambidexterity, and technological turbulence. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling with the help of SmartPLS software version 3. This software allows researchers to examine complex relationships between latent and manifest variables. Results: The results of data analysis confirm the main and secondary hypotheses of the study. The first hypothesis of the study, which examined the effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on the growth performance of new businesses, was significantly confirmed. This finding indicates that entrepreneurial bricolage alone cannot have a sufficient effect on the growth performance of new tourism businesses, but market ambidexterity also plays a role in this regard. In addition to confirming the first hypothesis, the results of statistical analyses also indicate the confirmation of the second hypothesis of the study. This hypothesis examines the effect of entrepreneurial bricolage on market ambidexterity. The third hypothesis examined the effect of market ambidexterity on the growth performance of new tourism businesses, which the results of statistical analyses indicate the confirmation of the third hypothesis of the study. The fourth hypothesis of the study examined the mediating role of market ambidexterity in the relationship between entrepreneurial bricolage and the growth performance of new tourism businesses, which the results of statistical analyses indicate the confirmation of the fourth hypothesis of the study. The fifth, sixth, and seventh hypotheses of the research are about the moderating role of technological turbulence in the relationships between the research variables, and the results of statistical analyses indicate confirmation of this hypothesis and proof of the moderating role of technological turbulence in these relationships. Conclusion: The results of this research can help tourism start-ups to promote their growth performance by considering entrepreneurial bricolage capabilities, market ambidexterity, and technological turbulence. The use of bricolage allows businesses to exploit emerging opportunities despite having very few resources. With the improvement of entrepreneurial bricolage, the growth performance of tourism start-ups also increases, and this relationship is enhanced by market ambidexterity and technological turbulence. Market ambidexterity serves as a crucial theoretical tool for start-ups to navigate the opportunity paradox of simultaneously satisfying an existing market need and exploring a potential market. On the other hand, active companies face a constantly innovative and uncertain environment. This means that companies will constantly change their competitive strategies in the processes of product creation and production because the competitive boundaries are constantly changing. Technology turbulence is characterized by features such as “short product development cycles and rapid technology obsolescence.” These conditions can create opportunities for companies to gain a competitive advantage by changing or improving their products. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Entrepreneurial Bricolage, Growth Performance, Market Ambidexterity, Technological Turbulence, Startup | ||
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