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ارزیابی اثرات زیست‌محیطی معدن آگاراک بر کیفیت آب رودخانه ارس: اعتبار سنجی نتایج فیزیکوشیمیایی با استفاده از شاخص‌های بیولوژیکی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 56، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1404، صفحه 309-330 اصل مقاله (2.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.380551.669775 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نادیا حسنلو1؛ پردیس علی‌پور1؛ علی مریدی* 2؛ رضا خلیلی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده عمران و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آگاهی از کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها برای برنامه‌ریزی و حفاظت منابع آبی ضروری است. کفزیان، به‌ویژه درشت بی‌مهرگان کفزی، به‌طور دقیق برای شرایط کیفی آب را نشان می‌دهند. در این پژوهش برای محاسبه شاخص‌های کیفی IRWQISC و NSFWQI و زیستی BMWP، ASPT، FBI و شانون وینر، 6 ایستگاه در مسیر رودخانه ارس انتخاب شد (3 ایستگاه قبل و 3 ایستگاه بعد از شهر آگاراک). نمونه‌برداری‌ها در پاییز 1401 انجام شد و پارامترهای مختلف مانند کدورت، دمای آب، اکسیژن محلول، نیترات، فسفات کل، کلیفرم مدفوعی، BOD5، EC و PH اندازه‌گیری شد. درمجموع 21 گروه از کفزیان شناسایی شد و ایستگاه 2 با 17 گروه زیستی بیشترین تنوع و ایستگاه 4 با 7 گروه کمترین تنوع را داشت. نتایج NSFWQI نشان داد که آب ایستگاه 1 دارای کیفیت خوب و بقیه ایستگاه‌ها دارای کیفیت متوسط است. بر اساس IRWQISC، ایستگاه‌های 1 و 3 دارای کیفیت متوسط و بقیه ایستگاه‌ها کیفیت نسبتاً بد دارند. شاخص BMWP کیفیت ایستگاه‌های اول تا سوم را متوسط و ایستگاه‌های چهارم تا ششم را بد ارزیابی کرد. شاخص ASPT نشان داد که ایستگاه‌های اول، دوم، پنجم و ششم دارای آلودگی متوسط احتمالی و ایستگاه‌های سوم و چهارم دارای آلودگی شدید احتمالی هستند. شاخص HFBI کیفیت آب را در ایستگاه‌های اول، سوم، چهارم و پنجم خوب، ایستگاه دوم ضعیف و ایستگاه ششم متوسط ارزیابی کرد. شاخص شانون - وینر نیز کاهش کیفیت آب از ایستگاه اول به سوم و افزایش آن از ایستگاه سوم به بعد را نشان داد. تحلیل ضرایب همبستگی نشان‌دهنده همبستگی مثبت بین کدورت، BOD، نیترات و فسفات بود. این نتایج نشان‌دهنده آلودگی ایستگاه‌های بعد از آگاراک و کاهش کیفیت آب در این ناحیه به دلیل وجود یک کانون آلاینده محیطی در آگاراک است که باعث تغییر جامعه زیست‌مندان کفزی و شرایط اکولوژیکی منطقه شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رودخانه ارس؛ معدن آگاراک؛ شاخص زیستی؛ IRWQIsc؛ NSFWQI | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Environmental Impact Assessment of the Agarak Mine on the Water Quality of the Aras River: Validation of Physicochemical Results Using Biological Indices | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nadia Hassanloo1؛ Pardis Alipour1؛ Ali Moridi2؛ Reza Khalili3 | ||
| 1Master Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| 3Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Understanding river water quality is essential for the planning and protection of water resources. Benthic organisms, especially macroinvertebrates, serve as accurate indicators of water quality conditions. In this study, six stations along the Aras River—three upstream and three downstream of the city of Agarak—were selected to assess water quality using the IRWQISC and NSFWQI indices, as well as biological indices including BMWP, ASPT, FBI, and Shannon-Wiener. Sampling was conducted in the autumn of 2022, and various parameters such as turbidity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, total phosphate, fecal coliform, BOD₅, EC, and pH were measured. A total of 21 macroinvertebrate taxa were identified, with Station 2 showing the highest diversity (17 taxa) and Station 4 the lowest (7 taxa). According to the NSFWQI, water quality at Station 1 was rated as good, while the remaining stations showed moderate quality. The IRWQISC index classified Stations 1 and 3 as having moderate quality and the others as relatively poor. The BMWP index rated the first three stations as moderate and the last three as poor. The ASPT index indicated probable moderate pollution at Stations 1, 2, 5, and 6, and probable severe pollution at Stations 3 and 4. The HFBI rated water quality as good at Stations 1, 3, 4, and 5, poor at Station 2, and fair at Station 6. The Shannon-Wiener index revealed a decline in water quality from Station 1 to 3, followed by an improvement downstream. Correlation analysis showed positive relationships between turbidity, BOD, nitrate, and phosphate. These results indicate pollution downstream of Agarak and a decrease in water quality likely caused by a local environmental pollution source, which has altered the macroinvertebrate community and ecological conditions of the area. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aras River, Agarak Mine, Biological Index, IRWQIsc, NSFWQI | ||
| مراجع | ||
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