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ارزیابی اثر ویژگیهای مورفولوژیکی ریشه بر جذب فسفر در ارقام برنج (Oryza sativa L.) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 56، شماره 3، خرداد 1404، صفحه 715-734 اصل مقاله (1.34 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.384338.669819 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سوگند شیرین پور1؛ مسعود اصفهانی* 2؛ علیرضا فلاح نصرتآباد3؛ شهرام محمود سلطانی4؛ علی اعلمی1 | ||
1گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
3بخش بیولوژی خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، کرج ، ایران | ||
4بخش خاک و آب، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
شناسایی ارقامی از گیاهان زراعی که بهعنوان فسفرکارا شناخته میشوند، میتواند باعث استفاده بهتر گیاه از فسفر خاک شود. بهمنظور بررسی اثر شاخصهای مرتبط با ویژگیهای ریشه ارقام برنج با جذب فسفر، آزمایشی بهصورت گلدانی در فضای باز در بهار سال 1401 در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور-رشت بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 10 رقم برنج (چهار رقم محلی هاشمی، حسنی، علیکاظمی و دمسیاه و چهار رقم اصلاحشده گیلانه، آنام، شیرودی و خزر و دو رقم اهلمیطارم و ندا) و دو سطح فسفر خاک (چهار و 60 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنیداری بین ارقام برنج از نظر ویژگیهای مورفولوژیک اندازهگیری شده ریشه وجود داشت و ارقام اهلمیطارم و شیرودی با ساختار ریشهای گسترده از نظر حجم و سطح، کارایی جذب فسفر بالاتری داشتند. ارقام اهلمیطارم و شیرودی بیشترین و ارقام گیلانه و خزر کمترین مقدار ویژگیهای کمی ریشه را داشتند. بیشترین مقدار غلظت فسفر، کارایی جذب و مصرف فسفر (بهترتیب 2/3 میلیگرم بر گرم، 9/37 درصد و 88 درصد) در رقم اهلمیطارم و (بهترتیب 9/2 میلیگرم بر گرم، 5/32 درصد و 64 درصد) در رقم شیرودی مشاهده شدند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه خوشهای، ارقام برنج به دو گروه با ویژگیهای مشترک درون هر گروه تفکیک شدند. بر اساس تجزیه به عاملها، دو عامل اصلی ویژگیهای مورفولوژیکی و ویژگیهای کارکردی ریشه شناسایی شدند که تغییرات ویژگیهای مرتبط با ریشه را بهطور قابلتوجهی توجیه کردند. براساس نتایج این آزمایش، ارقام برنج اهلمیطارم و شیرودی سازگاری بیشتری با شرایط کمبود فسفر داشته و استفاده از آنها برای زراعت در مناطق مواجه با کمبود فسفر خاک قابل توصیه است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
برنج؛ تغذیه گیاهی؛ ریشه و کارایی مصرف فسفر | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Evaluation the effect of root morphological characteristics on phosphorus uptake in rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
sogand shirinpour1؛ Masoud Esfahani2؛ Alieaza Fallah Nosratabad3؛ Shahram Mahmoudsoltani4؛ Ali Aalami1 | ||
1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
3Department of Soil Biology, Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran | ||
4Department of Soil and Water, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
To investigate the effect of root morphological characteristic on phosphorus uptake in rice cultivars, a factorial experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design in an open field at the Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, during the spring of 2022. The experimental treatments included 10 rice cultivars (four local cultivars; Hashemi, Hassani, Ali-Kazemi and Domsiah and four improved cultivars; Gilaneh, Anam, Shiroudi and Khazar and two control cultivars; Ahlami Tarom and Neda) and two levels of soil phosphorus including four mg.kg-1 and 60 mg.kg-1. Results showed that there was a significant difference between rice cultivars in terms of the measured root morphological characteristics, and Ahlami Tarom and Shiroudi cultivars with extensive root structure in terms of volume and surface had higher phosphorus uptake efficiency. Ahlami Tarom and Shiroudi cultivars exhibited the highest values for root characteristics, while Gilaneh and Khazar cultivars showed the lowest. Significant differences were observed among rice cultivars in terms of shoot dry weight, total shoot phosphorus concentration and uptake, as well as phosphorus uptake and phosphorus use efficiency. the highest amount of total phosphorus concentration and phosphorus uptake and phosphorus use efficiency were 3.2 mg.g-1, 37.9% and 88% respectively and 2.9 mg.g-1, 32.5% and 64% respectively) in Ahlami Tarom and Shiroudi cultivars, respectively. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, rice cultivars were categorized into two groups, each exhibiting similar characteristics. Additionally, factor analysis identified two main factors, including morphological and functional root characteristics, which significantly explained the variations in root-related characteristics. Based on the results of this experiment, Ahlami Tarom and Shiroudi rice cultivars appear to be better adapted to conditions of soil phosphorus deficiency, and their cultivation in areas with such deficiencies may be recommended. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Phosphorus uptake efficiency, plant nutrition, Rice and Roots | ||
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