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ارزیابی ریسک بالقوه سلامت ناشی از تجمع فلزات سنگین در محصول برنج مزارع رامهرمز، ایران | ||
| محیط شناسی | ||
| دوره 51، شماره 1، خرداد 1404، صفحه 59-73 اصل مقاله (862.48 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jes.2025.387054.1008558 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عباس کردزنگنه1؛ حمیدرضا پورخباز* 1؛ علی رضا پورخباز2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی محیطزیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتمالانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و مهندسی محیطزیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف: با توجه به اینکه برنج منبع غذایی مهمی برای انسان است، لازم است پایش آلودگیهای موجود در این محصول جهت حفظ سلامت مصرفکنندگان صورت گیرد. بر این اساس، با توجه به گسترش اراضی وسیع برنجکاری در مناطق مختلف رامهرمز، تعیین ارزیابی ریسک سلامت افراد ناشی از تجمع میزان فلزات سنگین Cd، Pb، Zn و Fe در آب و گیاه برنج ضروری است. روش پژوهش: برای تعیین غلظت فلزات سنگین، از هر یک از منابع آبیاری شامل چاه، چشمه و رودخانه و همچنین محصول برنج وابسته به هر منبع به صورت جداگانه، سه نمونه ترکیبی گرفته شد. در ادامه، تمامی نمونههای آب توسط اسید نیتریک 65 درصد و برنج جمعآوری شده با کمک اسید پرکلریک 70 درصد، اسید سولفوریک و اسید نیتریک 70 درصد هضم شدند و سپس توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی مورد آنالیز قرار گرفتند. برای تعیین تأثیر فلزات سنگین بر سلامت مصرفکننده از شاخص مخاطره سلامت استفاده شد. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین میانگین غلظت فلزات سنگین کادمیوم (049/0)، سرب (149/0)، روی (304/0) و آهن (150/76) (mg/L) مربوط به آب رودخانه است. بین فلز کادمیوم در آب چاه و رودخانه نسبت به میزان استاندارد سازمان بهداشت جهانی (mg/L 01/0) در سطح 01/0>p اختلاف معنیدار و برای این فلز در آب چشمه و چاه نسبت به میزان استاندارد سازمان بهداشت جهانی در سطح 05/0>p نیز اختلاف معنیدار است. بین فلز سرب در آب چشمه و رودخانه نسبت به میزان استاندارد سازمان بهداشت جهانی (mg/L 05/0) و فلز روی در آب چاه، چشمه و رودخانه نسبت به میزان استاندارد سازمان بهداشت جهانی (mg/L 5) در سطح 01/0>p اختلاف معنیدار وجود دارد. همچنین، بین فلز آهن در آب این سه منبع آبی نسبت به میزان استاندارد سازمان بهداشت جهانی در سطح 05/0>p اختلاف معنیدار میباشد. به تبع آن بالاترین میانگین غلظت این فلزات در محصول برنج آبیاری شده توسط آب رودخانه به میزان کادمیوم (0030/0)، سرب (279/0)، روی (963/0) و آهن (25/317) (mg/kg) تعیین شد. نتایج حاصل از تعیین شاخص مخاطره سلامت نشان داد که شاخص سلامت عنصر سرب برای کودکان در تمامی نمونهها، بیشتر از یک است و برای مصرف، خطرناک تشخیص داده شد. نتیجهگیری: بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش، دلیل اصلی بالا بودن غلظت این فلزات، ورود پسابهای اراضی کشاورزی و صنایع مختلف اطراف به منابع آبی در منطقه است. لذا با توجه به وجود برخی فلزات سنگین در محصول برنج و بالا بودن شاخص مخاطره سلامت، مصرف آن بهویژه برای کودکان باید محدود شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| ارزیابی ریسک سلامت؛ برنج؛ شهر رامهرمز؛ فلزات سنگین؛ منابع آبی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessment of Potential Health Risks Caused by Heavy Metal Accumulation in Rice Crops of Ramhormoz Farms, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abbas Kord Zanganeh1؛ Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz1؛ Ali Reza Pourkhabbaz2 | ||
| 1Department of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Objective: Given that rice is one of the most important food sources for humans, monitoring contaminants in this crop is essential to safeguarding consumer health. Due to the expansion of vast rice cultivation areas across various parts of Ramhormoz, Iran, it is necessary to conduct a health risk assessment of heavy metals in irrigation water sources and rice products. Method: To determine the concentration of heavy metals, three composite samples were collected from each of the irrigation water sources, including wells, springs, and rivers, as well as from the rice products irrigated by each of the mentioned water resources separately. Subsequently, all water samples were digested with 65% nitric acid and the rice samples were digested with 70% perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, and 70% nitric acid, and analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrometer. The health risk index was applied to determine the impact of heavy metals on consumer health. Results: The results showed that the highest average concentrations of heavy metals in river water samples were as follows: cadmium (0.049 mg/L), lead (0.149 mg/L), zinc (0.304 mg/L), and iron (76.150 mg/L). There was a significant difference at the 1% level between cadmium levels in well water and river water samples compared to the WHO standard (0.01 mg/L). For this metal, there was also a significant difference at the 5% level in spring and well water samples compared to global standard levels. Also, there was a significant difference at the 1% level for Lead in spring and river water samples compared to the global standard (0.05 mg/L) and for zinc in well, spring, and river water samples compared to the global standard (5 mg/L). There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the level of iron metal in the water of these three water sources compared to the World Health Organization's standard. Comparison of the water samples obtained from these three sources to the global standard indicated that the highest average concentrations of these metals in rice irrigated with river water were: cadmium (0.0030 mg/kg), lead (0.279 mg/kg), zinc (0.963 mg/kg), and iron (317.25 mg/kg). According to the results, the average daily intake of elements and the health risk index indicated that in all samples, the health index for Lead for children was above one, which was deemed hazardous for consumption. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, the main reason for the high concentration of the heavy metals was found to be the discharge of wastewater from agricultural lands and various surrounding industries into water resources in the region. Therefore, given the presence of certain heavy metals in the rice crop and the high health risk index, its consumption, particularly for children, should be restricted. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Health risk assessment, Heavy metals, Ramhormoz city, Rice, Water sources | ||
| مراجع | ||
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