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ارزشگذاری اقتصادی مکان‌‌مند خدمات اکوسیستم چندگانه در استان سمنان، ایران | ||
| محیط شناسی | ||
| دوره 51، شماره 1، خرداد 1404، صفحه 121-144 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jes.2025.390063.1008583 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه محمدیاری1؛ اردوان زرندیان* 2؛ مجید رمضانی مهریان3؛ رویا موسی زاده4 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی محیطزیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2گروه ارزیابی و مخاطرات محیط زیست، پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست | ||
| 3گروه مطالعات محیطی، پژوهشکده تحقیق و توسعه علوم انسانی (سمت)، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4گروه پژوهشی اقتصاد محیطزیست، پژوهشکده محیطزیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیطزیست، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف: در سال‌های اخیر، بسیاری از مطالعات ارزشگذاری اقتصادی محیطزیست بدون توجه به توزیع مکانی خدمات اکولوژیکی و با تاکید بر موجودیت دارایی‌های طبیعی انجام شده است و ارزش اقتصادی برآورد شده به‌کل محدوده مورد مطالعه بسط داده می‌‌شود که رویکرد صحیحی نیست، زیرا مکان‌‌های مختلف دارای طیف متفاوتی از خدمات هستند که باید در طبقات مجزا باشند. از این‌رو، در بسیاری از موارد، ارزیابی‌های محیط‌زیستی فاقد اثربخشی لازم در فرآیندهای تصمیم‌گیری هستند. هدف از این مطالعه، تخمین ارزش اقتصادی کالاها و خدمات اکوسیستمی متعدد در استان سمنان است که می‌تواند تا حد امکان به مشکل توزیع مکانی کالاهای اکوسیستمی بپردازد. روش: در این مطالعه هشت خدمت اکوسیستمی تامین غذا، تولید علوفه، آبزی‌پروری، تولید آب، حفظ خاک، ترسیب کربن و حفظ زیستگاه با استفاده از مدل‌‌های GIS- InVEST- ROS کمی‌‌سازی شدند. سپس با توجه به خروجی‌‌های مدل‌‌سازی هر کدام از خدمات با روش‌‌های متناسب شامل روش مبتنی بر قیمت بازار، روش هزینه جایگزین، روش هزینه اجتماعی کربن و روش انتقال منافع ارزشگذاری شدند. در نهایت به‌منظور آگاهی از تصمیم سیاست فعلی و برای تعدیل مقادیر، تورم با به‌‌کار بردن ضریب خنثی‌کننده تورم تولید ناخالص داخلی یا شاخص‌های موجود قیمت داخلی محاسبه شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از این است که ارزش کل خدمات تولیدی استان سمنان برابر با 2/15372215 میلیون ریال (17/521973155 دلار) و ارزش کل سایر خدمات (تنظیمی، حمایتی، فرهنگی) برابر با 2516435742 میلیون ریال (58/8671364627 دلار) است. در واقع، 3/94 درصد از ارزش کل خدمات اکوسیستمی این استان متعلق به خدمات غیرتولیدی است. خدمت کیفیت زیستگاه و ترسیب کربن به ترتیب با 2517180935 و 2583/33- میلیون ریال دارای بیشترین و کمترین ارزش اقتصادی در منطقه بودند. همچنین جمع کل ارزش اقتصادی سالانه خدمات منتخب اکوسیستمی در استان سمنان معادل 2667807957 میلیون ریال (266 هزار میلیارد تومان یا 266 همت، 10/919933709 دلار) برآورد شد. نتیجه‌گیری: مفهوم خدمات اکوسیستم می‌تواند ابزاری مفید برای برنامهریزی، مدیریت و احیای یکپارچه‌تر و پایدارتر اکوسیستم‌های تخریب‌شده فراهم کند. کاربست نظام یکپارچه ارزشیابی اقتصادی- اکولوژیکی با تأکید بر رویکرد خدمات اکوسیستمی و تلفیق ارزشگذاری اقتصادی خدمات موردنظر در فرایند‌های تصمیم‌گیری توسعه و حفاظت محیطزیست می‌تواند ترسیم‌کننده یک چارچوب کلی برای ادغام ارزشگذاریهای انجام شده در فرایند تصمیم‌گیری باشد. این کار تلفیقی می‌تواند به اتخاذ تصمیم آگاهانه و ایجاد تعادل بین توسعه و حفاظت محیطزیست منجر شود. بر اساس نتایج، لزوم توجه برنامه‌‌ریزان و سیاست‌‌مداران به ارزش خدمات اکوسیستمی در برنامه‌‌های توسعه اقتصادی و جانمایی ارزشگذاریهای مبتنی بر رهیافت خدمات اکوسیستمی در برنامهریزی فضایی- مکانی استان سمنان پیشنهاد می‌‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزشگذاری اقتصادی؛ برنامهریزی آگاهانه؛ توزیع مکانی؛ خدمات اکوسیستم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Spatial Economic Valuation of Multiple Ecosystem Services in Semnan Province, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Mohammadyari1؛ Ardavan Zarandian2؛ Majid Ramezani Mehrian3؛ Roya Mousazadeh4 | ||
| 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2Environmental assessment and risks group, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of Environment, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Environmental Studies, The Institute for Research and Development in the Humanities (SAMT), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Research Group of Environmental Economics, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Department of Environment, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Objective: In recent years, many environmental economic valuation studies have been conducted without considering the spatial distribution of ecological goods and services, focusing instead on the existence of natural assets. Consequently, the estimated economic value is extended to the entire study area, which is not quite accurate, as different locations possess a diverse range of assets, goods, and services that should be categorized separately. Hence, in many cases, environmental assessments lack the necessary effectiveness in decision-making processes. The present study aims to estimate the economic value of multiple ecosystem goods and services in Semnan Province, Iran, with particular attention to their spatial distribution, offering a more accurate representation of ecological contributions across the region. Method: In this study, eight ecosystem services, namely food supply, forage production, aquaculture, water production, soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and habitat preservation, were quantified using GIS-InVEST-ROS models. Each service was then valued using appropriate methods, including the market price method, replacement cost method, social cost of carbon method, and benefit transfer method, based on the modeling outputs. Ultimately, to ensure the relevance of these estimates in current economic terms, adjustments were made using national inflation indicators, primarily the GDP deflator and domestic price indices. Results: The results indicated that the total value of production services in Semnan Province amounted to USD 521,973,155.17, while the total value of other services, including regulatory, supporting, and cultural, was USD 8,677,364,627.58. In fact, 94.3 % of the total ecosystem service value in this province was attributed to non-production services. Habitat quality and carbon sequestration services had the highest and lowest economic values in the region, with USD 8,679,933,224.14 and USD -1,146,837.93, respectively. Additionally, the total annual economic value of selected ecosystem services in Semnan Province was estimated at USD 9,199,337,093.10. Conclusions: The concept of ecosystem services can provide a useful tool for more integrated and sustainable planning, management, and restoration of degraded ecosystems. The application of an integrated economic-ecological valuation system, emphasizing the ecosystem services approach and incorporating the economic valuation of relevant services into the development and environmental protection decision-making processes, can outline a comprehensive framework for integrating valuation outcomes into decision-making. This integrative approach can lead to informed decision-making and a balance between development and environmental conservation. Based on the results, it is recommended that planners and policymakers pay attention to the value of ecosystem services in economic development programs and integrate ecosystem service valuation approaches into spatial planning within Semnan Province. This would ensure that ecological values are systematically considered in land use and development planning. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Economic Valuation, Ecosystem Services, Informed Planning, Spatial Distribution | ||
| مراجع | ||
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