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روایت پژوهی اعتراضهای معیشتپایه؛ همگرایی و واگرایی نیروهای اجتماعی در بستر کنشگری سیاسی | ||
| فصلنامه سیاست | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 3، مهر 1404، صفحه 732-705 اصل مقاله (591.33 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jpq.2025.388963.1008286 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اسماعیل عالی زاد* 1؛ کوثر درزی نژاد2 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه جامعهشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری گروه جامعهشناسی سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| روایت معلمان و کارگران از اعتراضهای معیشتپایه در سالهای اخیر، مسائلی پربازدید در اخبار بوده است؛ هدف این پژوهش تحلیل همنشینی صداهای متکثر در اعتراضهای معیشتپایه، جهت ترسیم الگوهای همگرایی و واگرایی در میان راویان است. به این منظور از اخبار موجود گذر کرده و به راویان برای گردآوری داستانها رجوع کردیم. برای درک روایتهای کنشگران، مفاهیم نیروهای همگرا و واگرای میخائیل باختین و سهگانۀ زندگی وقف عمل/ وقف نظر هانا آرنت مدنظر قرار گرفت. روش این پژوهش از نوع روایتپژوهی و مبتنی بر روایتهای 14 نفر از معلمان و 13 نفر از کارگران شرکت کشت و صنعت هفتتپه و صنعت نفت و گاز پارس جنوبی بوده است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان میدهد که مطالبهگری معلمان و کارگران از یک نظرگاه معیشتی آغاز شده، اما محرکهای متعددی در پس و پیش از آن نهفته است؛ بهگونهای که کنشگری راویان محدود به سطح «زحمت» نبوده و تلاشی در جهت «عمل» است. علاوه بر این، میدان کنشگری عرصهای از وحدت در عین کثرت است و شکلگیری «ما»ی جمعی در کنار حفظ تکثرات میسر میشود. به این ترتیب در این مطالبهگری صنفی شاهد حفظ تفاوتها و اولویتبندی آنها جهت دستیابی به همگراییها هستیم. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اعتراضهای معیشتپایه؛ نیروهای همگرا و واگر؛ معلم؛ کارگر؛ زندگی وقف عمل؛ روایت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Narrative Study of Economic Protests: Convergent and Divergent Social Forces in the Context of Political Activism | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ismail Aalizad1؛ Kosar Darzinejad2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Ph.D. Student, Professor Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction This research focuses on the narratives of teachers and workers involved in economic-based protests, aiming to provide insights beyond media reports; utilizing narrative research methodology, it engaged with 14 teachers and 13 workers from the Haft Tappeh Agro-Industrial Company and South Pars Gas and Oil Industry, employing Mikhail Bakhtin’s and Hannah Arendt’s concepts to frame the analysis. The research findings indicate that while initial demands were economically motivated, deeper motivations were also present, suggesting activism extends beyond mere labor issues to encompass meaningful action, illustrating a complex interplay of unity and diversity within activism. The narrative accounts of these participants have become a focal point of public discourse, and this study endeavors to transcend superficial media portrayals by directly engaging with individuals to gather their personal stories, aiming to provide a nuanced understanding of their motivations and experiences beyond singular labor concerns. Methodology This study employs a narrative research methodology to analyze personal accounts, collecting and interpreting stories to gain insights that go beyond conventional media reporting. The participants included 14 teachers and 13 workers from the Haft Tappeh Agro-Industrial Company and the South Pars Gas and Oil Industry. Results and Discussion Analysis of the gathered narratives reveals that although their demands initially centered around economic grievances, their motivations significantly extend to aspirations for social agency and meaningful engagement, highlighting the dynamic of unity and diversity as they weave personal experiences into a collective narrative that respects individual differences. These insights challenge reductive interpretations of labor protests, advocating for a more nuanced understanding that encompasses diverse motivations and identities within activism. The narratives articulate not only economic challenges but also a broader search for agency, dignity, and recognition within society, with Bakhtin’s concepts of centripetal and centrifugal forces illustrating how individuals come together in solidarity while maintaining their distinct identities and motivations—fostering a diverse activist landscape that respects plurality. Drawing on Bakhtin and Arendt, the study suggests that meaningful collective action must embrace various voices and experiences, calling for acknowledgement of the social fabric that informs activism and advocating for a perspective that balances individual agency with collective change. Conclusion In summary, this research emphasizes that participation in protests transcends immediate economic demands, reflecting deeper themes of dignity and recognition; it challenges simplified views and underscores activism as a multifaceted expression of human aspiration rooted in diverse motivations. This work highlights the importance of personal narratives in illuminating broader social implications and advocates for a nuanced understanding of social movements. By prioritizing voices of teachers and workers over media interpretations, the study offers a fresh perspective, revealing complex layers that drive activism and enriching discourse with insights from Bakhtin and Arendt. Ultimately, the research calls for further exploration into activists’ motivations and a reevaluation of how protests are understood and represented in society, emphasizing that activism is shaped by both unity and individual diversity in pursuit of systemic change. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Economic-Based Protests, Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces, Teachers, Workers from Haft Tappeh and the South Pars, Vita Activa, Narrative | ||
| مراجع | ||
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References Aalizad, I., Amini, S., & Darzinejad, K. (2024). The experience of political activism in economic-based protests: A comparative study of virtual and non-virtual campaigns. Media Culture Society, 31(51). [In Persian] Aghajari, R., & Sedighi, B. (2023). Discourse struggles and the power of workers: An analysis of the discursive field in the strike of Tehran Bus Company workers. Cultural Studies and Communications Quarterly, 19(2), 209-231. [In Persian] Akbari-Moghadam, N., & Hazari, A. M. (2023). Comparative study of protest identity and organizational institutions of social movements in Iran during 1999-2017. Historical Sociology, 14(1). [In Persian] Amiri, N. (2017). Intellectual background and literary thought of Mikhail Bakhtin. Sociological Studies, 24(1), 219-307. [In Persian] Arendt, H. (2011). The Human Condition (M. Aliya, Trans.). Tehran: Qaghnoos. [In Persian] Arendt, H. (2012). The Life of the Mind, Vol. 1: Thinking (M. Aliya, Trans.). Tehran: Qaghnoos. [In Persian] Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M.M. Bakhtin. Edited by Michael Holquist, translated by Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist, University of Texas Press. Bradshaw, Leah. (1989). Acting and Thinking, the Political Thought of Hannah Aredt, University of Toronto Press. Gholamian Ramjardi, V., Khodami, A., & Karimi, M. R. (2022). Investigating factors influencing labor strikes from a phenomenological approach: A case study of the Copper Complex Workers in Shahrebabak. Political and International Studies, 13. [In Persian] Madani Qahfarokhi, S. (2016). Social movements and democratization. Tehran: Ruzaneh. [In Persian] Masoudnia, H., & Shafie Yangabadi, N.. (2024). Agreement and consensus in Iran: challenges and solutions. Fasl’nāmeh-ye siyāsat (Politics Quarterly) 54, (4): 707-733, DOI: https://doi.org/1022059/JPQ.2024. 381917.1008207 . [In Persian] Moeinabadi, H., & Mehrabpanah, M. (2019). Identifying instances of civil disobedience in contemporary Iran (1979-1900 CE). Fasl’nāmeh-ye siyāsat, 49(3), 805-819. [In Persian] Romdenh-Romlue, Komarine. (2011). Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Merleau-Ponty. London: Routledge. Sardarneyah, K., & Alborzi, H. (2023). An analysis of recent social-class protests in Iran (2021-2017) from the perspective of street politics theory. Scientific Journal of Strategic Research, 11(40). [In Persian] Shamsisa, S. (2009). Literary criticism. Tehran: Mitra. [in Persian] Todorov, T. (2019). The dialogic logic of Mikhail Bakhtin (D. Karimi, Trans.). Tehran: Markaz. [In Persian] Todorov, T., Jakobson, R., Kristeva, J., Goldman, L., & Bakhtin, M. (1994). The dialogic imagination, laughter, freedom: Mikhail Bakhtin (M. Poyandeh, Trans.). Tehran: Arast. [In Persian] Zarniyevska, B. (2016). Narrative in social science research: Introduction to qualitative methods (N. Gholizadeh & H. Boudalayi, Trans.). Tehran: Sociologists. [In Persian] | ||
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