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واکاوی چالشهای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت در فرزندپذیری از منظر مادران: یک مطالعۀ کیفی | ||
| زن در توسعه و سیاست | ||
| دوره 23، شماره 4، بهمن 1404، صفحه 675-708 اصل مقاله (733.19 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwdp.2026.403907.1008576 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا طغیانی1؛ معصومه اسمعیلی2؛ مرضیه مدنیفر* 3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مشاورۀ خانواده، گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرزندپذیری بهعنوان شیوهای مهم برای تأمین نیاز والدین به فرزند و نیز کودکان نیازمند خانواده به والدینی مسئول، فرایندی پیچیده و مستلزم ارزیابی دقیق، آموزش تخصصی و حمایت مستمر از والدین متقاضی است. این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و با هدف کاوش تجارب مادران فرزندپذیر از چالشهای فرایند فرزندپذیری انجام شد تا مبنایی علمی برای بهبود سیاستها و شیوههای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت فراهم آورد. نمونهگیری هدفمند شامل ۱۱ مادر فرزندپذیر تحت پوشش سازمان بهزیستی بود و دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای عمیق تا اشباع نظری جمعآوری شدند. تحلیل دادهها به روش تحلیل مضمون انجام شد و درنهایت ۶ مضمون کلی و ۱۲ مضمون اصلی استخراج شد. یافتهها نشان داد مادران فرزندپذیر با چالشهایی از جمله فرایند طولانی و فرسایشی، ابهام در فرایند، شیب نامناسب آشنایی والد و کودک، شاخصهای ناکارآمد و غیرپویای ارزیابی، جامع و کارآمدنبودن گزینش، آموزش و قطع تداوم آن، نبود اخلاق حرفهای و کرامتمحوری در سبک گزینش، ضعف در نظارت و رصد خانواده و کودک، استفادۀ ناکافی از ظرفیتها و شبکهسازی محدود خانواده و تجربۀ هیجانات منفی و پیامدهای عینی ناکارآمدی سیستم مواجه هستند. این پژوهش بر اهمیت بازنگری و تقویت فرایندهای گزینش، آموزش و نظارت بر والدین فرزندپذیر تأکید دارد و ارائۀ راهکارهای علمی و عملی میتواند به ارتقای کیفیت زندگی خانوادههای فرزندپذیر، افزایش سازگاری کودک و والد و کاهش پیامدهای منفی ناشی از ناکارآمدی سیستم منجر شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آموزش فرزندپذیری؛ چالشهای فرزندپذیری؛ فرزندپذیری؛ مادران فرزندپذیر؛ نظارت فرزندپذیری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyzing the Challenges of Selection, Training, and Supervision in Child Adoption from the Perspective of Parents: A Qualitative Study | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Alireza Toghyani Dowlatabadi1؛ Masomeh Esmaeili2؛ Marziye Madanifar3 | ||
| 1Master Student in Family Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Full Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Adoption, as a vital means of fulfilling parents' desire for a child and providing children in need of a family with responsible guardians, is a multifaceted process that necessitates thorough assessment, specialized training, and ongoing support from prospective parents. This study, employing a qualitative approach and aimed at investigating the experiences of adoptive mothers regarding the challenges encountered during the adoption process, was conducted to establish a scientific foundation for enhancing policies and practices related to selection, education, and supervision. Purposeful sampling encompassed 11 adoptive mothers affiliated with the Welfare Organization, and data were gathered through in-depth interviews until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was conducted employing the thematic analysis method, resulting in the identification of six overarching themes and 12 main sub-themes. The findings indicated that adoptive mothers encounter challenges such as a prolonged and erosive process, ambiguity within the procedure, an inappropriate trajectory of parent-child familiarization, ineffective and non-dynamic evaluation criteria, a lack of comprehensive and effective selection, education, and discontinuation strategies, an absence of professional ethics and dignity-centered approaches in the selection process, deficiencies in monitoring and tracking the family and child’sprogress, limited utilization of available resources and insufficient networking among families, as well as experiencing negative emotions and tangible consequences resulting from systemic inefficiencies. This study underscores the significance of reviewing and enhancing the procedures for selecting, educating, and supervising adoptive parents. Implementing scientific and practical solutions can contribute to improving the quality of life for adoptive families, fostering greater child-parent compatibility, and minimizing negative outcomes resulting from systemic inefficiencies. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Adoption, Adoption Challenges, Adoption Education, Adoptive Mothers, Adoption Supervision | ||
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| مراجع | ||
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