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ادغام زیستپالایی و فناوری پیل سوختی میکروبی: نقش میکروارگانیسمهای خاک در تجزیه آلایندهها و تولید زیستی الکتریسیته | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 57، شماره 1، فروردین 1405، صفحه 209-247 اصل مقاله (2.82 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2026.406137.670051 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شایان شریعتی* 1؛ هادی مسیب زاده2؛ حمید مقیمی3 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده زیست شناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با تشدید نگرانیهای جهانی پیرامون آلودگی آب و خاک و پیامدهای فزاینده تغییرات اقلیمی، نیاز به فناوریهای نوینی که بتوانند بهطور همزمان زیستپالایی آلایندهها و تولید انرژی پاک را محقق سازند، بیش از پیش احساس میشود. در این میان، پیلهای سوختی میکروبی (MFCs) و گونههای خاکی رسوبی آنها (SMFCs) بهعنوان سامانههای زیستالکتروشیمیایی نوظهور مطرح شدهاند که قادرند انرژی شیمیایی مواد آلی را از طریق فعالیت متابولیکی میکروارگانیسمهای الکتروژن، به جریان الکتریکی تبدیل کنند و همزمان در تجزیه و حذف آلایندههای مقاوم نقش داشته باشند. جوامع میکروبی مستقر در رسوبات و لایههای خاکی، بهویژه از طریق تشکیل زیستلایههای آندی و تسهیل انتقال مستقیم یا واسطهای الکترون، نقشی تعیینکننده در عملکرد و کارایی این سامانهها ایفا میکنند. با این حال، ماهیت باز و دینامیک محیطهای عملیاتی SMFCs منجر به توالی اکولوژیکی میکروبی میشود که میتواند پایداری الکتروشیمیایی و بازده بلندمدت سامانه را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. علیرغم پیشرفتهای قابل توجه در این حوزه، محدودیت در تنوع گونههای الکتروژن کارآمد، رقابت میان میکروارگانیسمهای الکتروژن و غیرالکتروژن، و چالشهای مرتبط با پایداری زیستلایهها همچنان از موانع اصلی توسعه و بهکارگیری این فناوریها در مقیاس صنعتی به شمار میروند. این مقاله مروری با تمرکز بر جنبههای میکروبی و الکتروشیمیایی پیلهای سوختی میکروبی و انواع مبتنی بر خاک و رسوب آنها، به بررسی سازوکارهای انتقال الکترون، پویایی جوامع میکروبی در نواحی آندی و کاتدی، و تأثیر پارامترهای الکتروشیمیایی بر عملکرد سامانه میپردازد. افزون بر این، چشماندازهای آینده شامل توسعه کنسرسیومهای میکروبی مهندسیشده با عملکردهای مکمل، بهکارگیری راهبردهای تحریک زیستی برای تنظیم جانشینی میکروبی، و بهینهسازی شرایط عملیاتی بهمنظور افزایش همزمان بازده تولید برق و کارایی زیستپالایی مورد بحث قرار میگیرد. یافتههای این مرور میتواند زمینهساز طراحی سامانههایی پایدارتر و کارآمدتر برای مدیریت محیطزیست و تولید انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آلودگی خاک و آب؛ آلایندههای آلی و معدنی؛ تولید انرژی سبز؛ سلول سوختی میکروبی؛ زیستپالایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Integrating Bioremediation and Microbial Fuel Cell Technologies: The Role of Soil Microbial Communities In Contaminant Degradation and Bioelectricity Generation | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shayan Shariati1؛ Hadi Mosayebzade2؛ Hamid Moghimi3 | ||
| 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran. | ||
| 3Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| With growing global concerns about soil and water pollution and the escalating impacts of climate change, there is an urgent need for innovative technologies capable of simultaneously achieving bioremediation and clean energy generation. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and their sediment- or soil-based variants (SMFCs) have emerged as promising bioelectrochemical systems that convert the chemical energy of organic matter into electrical energy through the metabolic activity of electrogenic microorganisms, while concurrently degrading resistant pollutants. Microbial communities residing in sediments and soil layers, particularly those forming anodic biofilms, play a crucial role in system performance by facilitating direct and mediated electron transfer. However, the open and dynamic nature of SMFC environments leads to complex microbial succession, influencing the electrochemical stability and long-term efficiency of the system. Despite significant progress, challenges such as limited diversity of efficient electroactive species, competition between non-electrogenic and electrogenic microorganisms, and biofilm instability continue to restrict large-scale deployment. This review focuses on the microbial and electrochemical aspects of MFCs and SMFCs, discussing electron transfer mechanisms, microbial community dynamics in anodic and cathodic zones, and the influence of electrochemical parameters on system performance. Future perspectives include the development of engineered microbial consortia with complementary functionalities, integration of biostimulation strategies to regulate microbial succession, and optimization of operational conditions to enhance both power generation and bioremediation efficiency. The insights presented in this review may facilitate the design of more sustainable and efficient systems for environmental management and renewable energy production. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Bioremediation, Green energy production, Microbial fuel cell (MFC), Organic and inorganic contaminants Soil and water pollution | ||
| مراجع | ||
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