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راهبردهای غنیسازی محیطی و اثرات آن بر رفاه و عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی | ||
| علمی- ترویجی (حرفهای) دامِستیک | ||
| دوره 26، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 36، خرداد 1405، صفحه 6-15 اصل مقاله (1.25 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- ترویجی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/domesticsj.2026.401346.1214 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کیوان جلوه قاضیانی1؛ عادله حقدوست* 2 | ||
| 1دکتری تخصصی علوم دامی، مدیر واحد تحقیق و توسعه، شرکت سپیدماکیان، رشت، گیلان، ایران | ||
| 2دکتری تخصصی علوم دامی، پژوهشگر واحد تحقیق و توسعه شرکت سپیدماکیان، رشت، گیلان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رفاه حیوانات یک مسئله مهم در پرورش جوجههای گوشتی است. به منظور کاهش میزان مشکلات رفاهی در سیستمهای متداول پرورش صنعتی، غنیسازی محیطی پیشنهاد شده است. غنیسازی محیطی با افزایش پیچیدگی محیطی، رفتارهای طبیعی جوجههای گوشتی را تحریک کرده و موجب بهبود کیفیت زندگی آنها میشود. انواع غنیسازی محیطی شامل اجتماعی، فعالیتی، فیزیکی، حسی و تغذیهای است. غنیسازی اجتماعی با تقویت تعامل میان پرندگان و انسانها، موجب کاهش استرس و افزایش رفتارهای مثبت میشود. غنیسازی فعالیتی و فیزیکی با فراهمسازی نشیمنگاهها، سکوها و موانع، تحرک را افزایش داده و سلامت اسکلتی را بهبود میبخشد. غنیسازی حسی از طریق محرکهای مختلف بصری یا شنیداری، واکنشهای ترس را کاهش داده و رفتارهای طبیعی را تقویت میکند. غنیسازی تغذیهای نیز با افزودنیهای خوراکی، یا ارائه تنوع در شکل خوراکدهی، نه تنها سلامت گوارشی و ایمنی را ارتقا میدهد، بلکه رفتارهای جستجوی غذا را تحریک کرده و رفاه رفتاری را بهبود میبخشد. به طور کلی، شواهد علمی نشان میدهد که طراحی و اجرای دقیق راهبردهای غنیسازی محیطی، میتواند به طور همزمان سلامت، رفتار، بهرهوری و کیفیت گوشت جوجههای گوشتی را ارتقا دهد. با این حال، بیشتر ایدههای غنیسازی محیطی برای پرورشدهندگان جوجههای گوشتی در ایران، نیاز به توسعه و مطالعه بیشتر در رابطه با کاربرد، تأثیر بر رفتار و رفاه، و اقتصاد سیستم تولید دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| رفاه حیوانات؛ غنیسازی محیطی؛ جوجههای گوشتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Environmental enrichment strategies and their effects on the welfare and performance of broilers | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Keyvan Jelveh Ghaziani1؛ Adeleh Haghdoost2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. in Animal Sciences, Director of Research and Development Unit, Sepidmakian Company, Rasht, Gilan, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D. in Animal Sciences, Researcher of Research and Development Unit, Sepidmakian Company, Rasht, Gilan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Animal welfare is an important issue in broiler production. In order to reduce the level of welfare problems in conventional industrial breeding systems, environmental enrichment has been proposed. Environmental enrichment stimulates the natural behaviors of broiler chickens by increasing environmental complexity and improves their quality of life. Types of environmental enrichment include social, activity, physical, sensory and nutritional. Social enrichment reduces stress and increases positive behaviors by enhancing interaction between birds and humans. Activity and physical enrichment increases mobility and improves skeletal health by providing perches, platforms and obstacles. Sensory enrichment reduces fear responses and enhances natural behaviors through various visual or auditory stimuli. Nutritional enrichment also promotes digestive health and immunity by adding feed additives, or providing variety in the form of feed, but also stimulates foraging behaviors and improves behavioral well-being. Overall, scientific evidence suggests that carefully designed and implemented environmental enrichment strategies can simultaneously improve the health, behavior, productivity, and meat quality of broiler chickens. However, most environmental enrichment ideas for broiler chicken farmers in Iran require further development and study regarding their applicability, impact on behavior and welfare, and economics of the production system. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Animal welfare, Broiler, Environmental enrichment | ||
| مراجع | ||
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سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب