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تهیه نقشه شاخص درجه روز رشد (GDD) گندم در ایران بر اساس دورههای فنولوژی بومی در سامانه نیازآب | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 57، شماره 3، خرداد 1405، صفحه 631-646 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2026.410370.670093 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرش تافته* 1؛ نیاز علی ابراهیمی پاک2؛ آزاده صداقت3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 22- استاد بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3محقق بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نظر به توسعه سامانه نیاز آب و افزودن زیر برنامه GDD (درجه روز رشد) به آن و با توجه به ضرورت تعیین این شاخص برای تعیین زمان مناسب برداشت و تعیین دورههای فنولوژی در این مطالعه این شاخص برای گیاه گندم تعیین و نقشه آن برای کل کشور تولید شد. در این راستا در 805 نقطه مکان مقادیر GDD در یک بازه ده ساله مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و سپس بر اساس روش اصلاح شده مقادیر شاخص GDD برای دورههای مختلف چهارگانه گندم نیز تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که گندم برای یک دوره رشدو نمو به طور متوسط در کشور 1899 روز درجه رشد نیاز دارد و برای پایان یافتن دوره اولیه رشد فائو به طور متوسط 413 روز درجه رشد و برای پایان یافتن دوره میانی 414 روز درجه رشد و برای دوره میانی 513 روز درجه رشد و برای دوره پایانی 489 روز درجه رشد نیاز دمایی دارد. بر اساس اطلاعات به دست آمده دورههای رشد بر اساس شاخص GDD تولید شد و با دادههای زمینی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت که از انطباق مناسبی برخوردار بود. سپس با استفاده از این اطلاعات نقشه GDD گندم تهیه شد و برای کل دوره رشد و دورههای مختلف رشد گیاهی این نقشهها ارائه و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گندم؛ فنولوژی گیاهی؛ کریجینگ؛ پهنهبندی مکانی؛ سامانه نیاز آبی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Spatial Mapping of Wheat Growing Degree Days (GDD) in Iran Based on Indigenous Phenological Stages within a NIZAB System | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Arash Tafteh1؛ Niazali Ebrahimipak2؛ Azadeh Sedaghat3 | ||
| 1Associate professor. Department of irrigation and soil physics, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2professor of irrigation and soil physics Department, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 33 researcher of Soil Reclamation and Sustainable Land Management, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In view of the development of the crop water requirement system and the incorporation of a GDD sub-module, and considering the necessity of accurately determining this index for identifying optimal harvesting time and phenological stages, the growing degree days (GDD) index was calculated for wheat and its spatial distribution was mapped across Iran in this study. To this end, GDD values were analyzed at 805 locations over a ten-year period. Subsequently, using a modified methodology, GDD indices were determined for the four main phenological stages of wheat growth. The results indicated that, on average, wheat requires approximately 1899 growing degree days to complete its entire growth cycle in Iran. The thermal requirements for the completion of individual phenological stages were estimated to be 413 GDD for the end of the initial growth stage, 414 GDD for the development stage, 513 GDD for the mid-season stage, and 489 GDD for the late-season stage. Based on the derived GDD thresholds, phenological growth periods were delineated and compared with ground-based observations, showing good agreement and consistency. Using these results, spatial distribution maps of wheat GDD were generated for the entire growth period as well as for each individual phenological stage. These maps were subsequently analyzed to assess the spatial variability of thermal requirements across the country. The findings demonstrate that GDD-based phenological mapping provides a robust framework for improving irrigation scheduling, determining optimal harvest timing, and supporting region-specific crop management strategies. Overall, the integration of GDD mapping into crop water requirement systems offers a valuable tool for enhancing decision-making processes in wheat production under diverse climatic conditions | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Wheat, Plant Phenology, Kriging, Spatial Zoning, Water Needs System | ||
| مراجع | ||
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