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ارزیابی همافزایی سیانوباکتر و رس بنتونیت بر تثبیت خاک سطحی حساس به فرسایش بادی و کاهش گردوغبار | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 57، شماره 5، مرداد 1405، صفحه 1187-1202 اصل مقاله (1.31 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2026.409045.670081 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رامین قهرمان پور؛ منوچهر گرجی* ؛ احمدعلی پوربابایی؛ محمد تقی تیرگر سلطانی | ||
| گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرسایش بادی یکی از مهمترین چالشهای زیستمحیطی و اقتصادی در مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک جهان است و مهار آن بدون اتکا به مواد شیمیایی، بهویژه در زیستمحیطهای حساس، یک ضرورت مدیریتی به شمار میرود. در سالهای اخیر، رویکردهای تثبیت خاک سازگار با محیطزیست و استفاده از مواد زیستی مورد توجه قرار گرفتهاند. در این پژوهش، کارایی همزمان سیانوباکترهای خاکزی و رس بنتونیت کلسیمدار بهعنوان یک فناوری تثبیت زیست-معدنی ارزیابی شد تا امکان بهبود ویژگیهای سطحی خاک و مقاومت آن در برابر فرسایش بادی بررسی شود. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو سطح بنتونیت (25 و 50 گرم بر مترمربع)، سه سویه سیانوباکتر و مخلوط این سه سویه و همچنین ترکیب سیانوباکتر-بنتونیت بود. پس از دوره رشد ششماهه و استقرار پوسته زیستی تشکیل شده از سیانوباکتر، مجموعهای از شاخصهای فیزیکی شامل سرعت حد آستانه فرسایش بادی، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه، مقاومت به فروروی، و نیز شاخصهای زیستی شامل کلروفیل a، تنفس میکروبی، کربن زیستتوده میکروبی، کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل اندازهگیری شد. یافتهها نشان داد که تلفیق سیانوباکتر و بنتونیت موجب افزایش 61 درصدی میانگین قطر خاکدانه، بهبود انسجام سطحی خاک و افزایش 100 درصد سرعت حد آستانه فرسایش بادی نسبت به شاهد و کاهش پراکندگی و انتقال ذرات ریز گردید. ماتریکس زیستی تولیدشده توسط سیانوباکترها در کنار نقش بنتونیت در افزایش چسبندگی و مقاومت خاک در برابر کندهشدن توسط باد، اثر همافزایی بارزی ایجاد کرد. در مجموع، استفاده از این ترکیب زیستی–معدنی بهعنوان رویکردی کمهزینه، پایدار و سازگار با محیطزیست میتواند گزینهای کاربردی برای مدیریت فرسایش بادی و کنترل کانونهای گردوغبار در نواحی خشک باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بنتونیت؛ سیانوباکتر؛ تثبیت زیستی-معدنی؛ فرسایش بادی؛ گرد وغبار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of The Synergy between Cyanobacteria and Bentonite on the Stabilization of Soils Susceptible to Wind Erosion | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| RAMIN GHAHREMANPOOR؛ MANOUCHEHR GORJI؛ AHMAD ALI POURBABAEE؛ MOHAMMADTAGHI TIRGARSOLTANI | ||
| Department of soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wind erosion is one of the most critical environmental and economic challenges in arid and semi-arid regions, and its control—particularly without reliance on chemical stabilizers—is essential for protecting vulnerable ecosystems. In recent years, environmentally friendly and biologically based approaches have gained increasing attention. This study evaluated the combined effectiveness of soil-dwelling cyanobacteria and calcium-bentonite clay as a bio-mineral stabilization technology to enhance surface soil properties and resistance to wind erosion. The experimental treatments included two bentonite application rates (25 and 50 g m⁻²), three cyanobacterial strains and their mixture, as well as a combined cyanobacteria–bentonite treatment. After a growth period sufficient for cyanobacterial development and extracellular polymeric substance formation, a set of physical indicators—including threshold friction velocity, mean weight diameter of aggregates, and penetration resistance—along with biological indices such as chlorophyll a, microbial respiration, microbial biomass carbon, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen were measured. The results showed that the combined application of cyanobacteria and bentonite led to a 61percent increase in mean aggregate diameter, improved soil surface cohesion, and a 100 percent increase in the threshold wind erosion velocity compared to the control, while significantly reducing the dispersion and transport of fine particles.”. The EPS-based biological matrix produced by cyanobacteria, together with the adhesive and water-retentive effects of bentonite, generated a pronounced synergistic interaction. Overall, the application of this bio-mineral combination represents a low-cost, sustainable, and environmentally compatible strategy for mitigating wind erosion and controlling dust-emission hotspots in dryland environments. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| bentonite, bio-mineral stabilization, cyanobacteria, wind erosion, dust control | ||
| مراجع | ||
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