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ارزیابی آب مصرفی و تقویم آبیاری گندم با مدل بیلان آب سلول_پایه و تصاویر ماهوارهای (مطالعه موردی نیشابور و قم) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 57، شماره 5، مرداد 1405، صفحه 1249-1272 اصل مقاله (2.16 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2026.404657.670036 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهناز احمدی نمین1؛ جواد بذرافشان* 1؛ مجید وظیفهدوست2 | ||
| 1گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع، دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مطالعه با هدف توسعه یک مدل بیلان آب سلول پایه و ارزیابی آب مصرفی و تقویم آبیاری مزارع گندم در قم و نیشابور در سال زراعی 1403-1402 انجام شد. نقشههای روزانه تبخیر_تعرق در مقیاس مزرعه، با استفاده از اجرای الگوریتم GeeSEBAL از تصاویر ماهوارهای Landsat8&9 و دیتاست هواشناسی مدل ERA5 تولید شد. منحنی رشد گیاه و استخراج عمق ریشه و ارتفاع گیاه با استفاده از شاخص گیاهی NDVI حاصل از تصاویر sentinel2 تولید گردید. مجموع تبخیر-تعرق مرجع در فصل رشد در سایتهای نیشابور و قم به ترتیب برابر با 538 و 415 میلیمتر بوده و میزان بارش در این دو سایت مشابه و حدوداً برابر با 150 میلیمتر است. همچنین، میزان تبخیر-تعرق واقعی در فصل رشد در مزرعه گندم نیشابور در بازه 520 تا 730 میلیمتر و در مزرعه گندم قم در بازه 377 تا 502 میلیمتر متغیر است. حجم آب آبیاری که توسط کشاورز بکار گرفته شده در همه قطعات مقادیر ثابت بوده؛ ولی مقادیر نیاز خالص آبیاری حاصل از اجرای مدل بیلان آب از 3582 تا 4524 مترمکعب در هکتار متغیر است. اگرچه مدل در زمانبندی آبیاری عملکرد خوبی داشته، اما پیشبینی حجم آبیاری مدل در مقایسه با حجم آبیاری کشاورز اختلاف دارد. تعداد دفعات آبیاری پیشبینیشده در سایت نیشابور در اکثر قطعات با تعداد آبیاری کشاورز تطابق داشت. تعداد آبیاری در قم یکسان ولی از نظر زمان و حجم متفاوت و غالباً بیش از نیاز برآوردشده توسط مدل بود. آبیاری بلافاصله پس از بارندگی در هر دو سایت نیشابور و قم مشاهده شده که نمونههای بیشآبیاری هستند. این مطالعه بر لزوم آبیاری منطبق بر احتیاجات آبی گیاه به منظور مدیریت مصرف منابع آب در کشاورزی تأکید میکند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| الگوریتم GeeSEBAL؛ پایش دقیق مزرعه؛ تقویم آبیاری؛ سنجش از دور | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessing Water Consumption and Irrigation Scheduling for Wheat using a Cell-Based Water Balance Model and Satellite Imagery (Case Study: Neyshabur and Qom, Iran) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahnaz Ahmadi Namin1؛ Javad Bazrafshan1؛ Majid vazifedoust2 | ||
| 1Department of Irrigation & Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj | ||
| 2Water Engineering Group, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was conducted with the aim of developing cell-based water balance model and evaluating the water consumption and irrigation schedule of wheat fields in Qom and Neyshabur during 2022-2023 agricultural year. Daily evapotranspiration maps at the farm scale were generated using the GeeSEBAL algorithm applied to Landsat 8 & 9 satellite imagery and the ERA5 meteorological dataset. The crop growth curve, along with root depth and plant height, were derived from the NDVI vegetation index obtained from Sentinel-2. The reference evapotranspiration during the growing season at the Neyshabur and Qom was 538 and 415 mm, respectively, while precipitation at both was similar, approximately 150 mm. The actual evapotranspiration in Neyshabur ranged 520 to 730, and 377 to 502 mm in Qom. The volume of irrigation water applied by the farmer was constant across all plots; The net irrigation requirement obtained from the water balance model implementation varied 3582 to 4524 m3ha-1. The model performed well in scheduling irrigation timing; its prediction of irrigation depth differed from the depth applied by the farmer. In Neyshabur, number of farmer irrigations mostly coincided with the models suggested. In Qom, the number of irrigations was the same, but the timing and volume differed, and the constant 60-mm irrigation depth was often more than the actual crop requirement. Irrigation immediately after rainfall was observed in both, which are instances of over-irrigation. This study emphasizes the necessity of irrigation aligned with crop water requirements for managing water resource consumption in agriculture. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| GeeSEBAL Algorithm, Precise Farm Monitoring, Irrigation Scheduling, Remote Sensing | ||
| مراجع | ||
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