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نقش گردشگری خانه های دوم در تغییرات کالبدی _ فیزیکی نواحی روستایی (مطالعه موردی : دهستان برغان شهرستان ساوجبلاغ) | ||
| پژوهشهای روستائی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 4، شماره 2، تیر 1392، صفحه 277-299 اصل مقاله (687.7 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrur.2013.35646 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فضیله دادورخانی* 1؛ حمید زمانی2؛ مجتبی قدیری معصوم3؛ اسمعیل عاشری4 | ||
| 1دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشکدة جغرافیای دانشگاه تهران و عضو قطب علمی برنامه‌ریزی روستایی | ||
| 2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی توریسم دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3استاد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دانشکدة جغرافیای دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4رئیس گروه فنی و اجرایی دفتر نظارت و ارزیابی امور عمرانی بنیاد مسکن انقلاب اسلامی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گردشگری خانه‌های دوم یکی از الگوهای مهم گردشگری در نواحی روستایی است که بر فضای روستایی در ابعاد مختلف، به‌ویژه کالبدی‌ـ فیزیکی، تأثیر مثبت و منفی دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی پیامدهای کالبدی‌ـ فیزیکی گردشگری خانه‌های دوم و روش تحقیق توصیفی‌ـ تحلیلی بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه گردآوری شد و روایی آن به‌صورت صوری و پایایی آن با آلفای کرونباخ 80/0 به تأیید رسید. همچنین داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آزمون‌های آماری تجزیه و تحلیل شد. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل چهار روستای دهستان برغان، با 550 نفر جمعیت، است. نمونه‌ها (150 N=) با استفاده از فرمول کوکران از بین مردم روستا به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. معماری خانه‌های روستایی با کارکردهای مختلف آن‌ها تناسب دارد؛ مثل کارکرد اتاق، انبار، محل خشک‌کردن محصولات باغی، آغل حیوانات، و ... در حالی که خانه‌های دوم فقط کارکرد استراحتی و تفریحی دارند. این الگو عمدتاً بر سبک معماری خانه‌های ساکنان نیز تأثیر گذاشته، موجب کاهش فضاهای معیشتی درون بافت خانه‌های آنان شده، و ساختاری نامتناسب با کارکرد روستا به‌وجود آورده است. یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که در دهه‌های اخیر با پیامدهای کالبدی گوناگون مانند تغییر کاربری باغات و مزارع، بافت سنّتی مسکن روستا، کاهش دسترسی ساکنان به زمین‌های مسکونی، معماری ناهمگون با محیط همراه بوده و منجر به بروز ناهماهنگی در چهره و ساختار محیطی آن شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آثار کالبدی‌ـ فیزیکی؛ دهستان برغان؛ گردشگری خانه‌های دوم؛ گردشگری روستایی؛ نواحی روستایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Analysis of Second Home Tourism Development on Physical Changes In Rural Areas (Case Study: Baraghan Rural District of Savojbolagh Township) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fazile Dadvarkhan1؛ Hamid Zamani2؛ Mojtaba Ghadiri Masum3؛ Smail Asheri4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning in University of Tehranand Member of Center of Excellence in Rural Planning | ||
| 2Msc in Geography and Tourism Planning - University of Tehran | ||
| 3Prossorof Geography and Rural Planning - University of Tehran and Member of Center of Excellence in Rural Planning | ||
| 4Chief of Executive andTechnical Group of Monitoring and Evaluation Office of Civil Affairs in Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Internationally, the most widely used term to describe the phenomenon of people owning or utilizing some sort of dwelling for recreational and secondary purposes is a second home. Throughout the world, many different terms are used to describe second home. However, even if differences in defining the phenomenon do occur, the similarities between the terms and definitions are obvious; So, we can declare that a second home is a dwelling used for temporal visits by the owner or someone else, and is not the user’s permanent place of residence. The core of second home definitions is that the owners of a second home must have their primary residence somewhere else, where they spend the majority of their time. Second homes tourism is one of the most important tourism patterns in rural areas. It can be both positive and negative effects on many aspects of rural areas, especially in the physical ones. Mehodology The aim of this article is to explore the second home development effects on the permanent resident’s life in rural areas. Despite different effects of these houses, it has focuses on physical effects that occur in the Baraghan district in Savojbolagh Township. There are a variety of physical and environmental problems, such as changes in physical structure of agricultural land, changes in agricultural land use to second houses for urban dwellers, landscape destruction, air and soil pollution, increases in traffic, but the second homes in rural area can have some positive effect as well. Such as improving of the cultural communication through networking and face to face communication and it develops the road and transportation facilities, this article is going to focuss on the physical changes due to development of second homes as an important aspect of the tourism affects. The methods which applied in the research are descriptive– analytical method. Research’s data has gathered by questionair which its validity examined by Professional team and reliability approved with Cronbach's alpha as 0.80. The research population was about 550 household which were living in the four villages in Baraghan rural district. Then the obtained data was analysised by the SPSS software. By applying Cochran formula, we selected 150 households as a sample randomly. Reults The research finding shows that the effects associated with second home tourism development predominantly are focus on changing in the structure and pattern of permanent residents housses such as architecture, components, equipment, facilities, spaces and rural livelihoods, as well as infrastructure services, indicating that environmental changes Widespread and uncontrolled manipulation of the natural environment and measures such as turning buildings into productive gardens, villas, changing the traditional structure housing residents, reduced access to land and housing residents. The results shows that effects associated with second home tourism development with a focus on five major domains of architecture, facilities, changing in rural livelihood spaces, infrastructure services, indicate that there is widespread and uncontrolled demolition of the natural environment. Also, it accompanied with changing the land use of horticultural land to houses for urban dwellers, changes in traditional patterns of rural houses, more limitation for rural residences to access to the land, applying the imported and different constructional matterials cused heterogeny in the rural landscape. Also, vanishing the work space in the rural tradition houses is the other subsequence of second house tourism development. The other Tourism, second homes, and leaving its negative aspects such as physical, the village becomes unstable. On the other hand, SHTD also creates negative affects, as it led to unsustainability of rural areas. Conclusion The reduction in negative effects and increasing in the positive affect cannot be happen without a comprehensive an effective rural tourism planning. It should include rural housing a physical development as well. Reference Anabestany, A. (2007). The formation process Factors affecting second homes in rural areas (about: West country village Mashhad). Human Geography Research, No. 74, pp. 117-103. Anabestany, A. (2005). The physical effects on the development of second homes in rural settlements, villages, summer in the city of Mashhad, Journal of Rural Development, No. 4, pp. 149-166. Amar, Teimour (1999). Analysis of case studies of rural houses in rural areas Khorgami roudbar city, geographical landscape Quarterly, Number 1. Adyngton, Jim (1995). Ecological, recreational activities and tourism, translated by Ismail Kahrom, published by the Environmental Protection Agency. Ardestani, M. (2003). Principles of rural tourism. Publications, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance. Baghiany, Hamid.raza, (2005). Analysis of the physical consequences- Space tourism second homes in rural areas (about: Mountain Lion-city district Taft), Master of Science Thesis, Tehran University. Dadvar Khani, Fazileh; Nik Sirat, Masood (2007). Strategic planning in rural areas, desert hiking (Case study: Village Khranq - ARDEKAN city, Yazd Province), Journal of Rural Studies, No. 4, pp. 43. Dadvar-Khani, Fazileh (2012). Participation of rural community and tourism development in Iran, Community Development, 43: 2, 259-277. Firouznia,Ghadir; Roknodin Eftekhari, A.; Khani, M. (2009). Implications of Open Apartment Building (second homes) in rural areas: rural Tarrod city Damavand, Journal - Research Geographic Society of Iran, pp. 149-170. Fredrik Rye, Johan (2011). Conflicts and contestations. 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Second Home Tourim and Sustainable Development in North European Peripheries, Department of Social and Economic Geography, Umeå University, SE-901 87. Nozari, Samira (2001). The role of second homes in rural economic development, land use change and Kurds, Masters Thesis, Tehran University. Rezvani, M. (2003). The development of rural tourism, sustainable tourism approach, Tehran University Press. Rezvani, Mohammad Reza; Akbarian, Ronizi, Mohammad Reza; Roknodin Eftekhari, A.; Badri, Ali (2009). Comparative analysis of the economic impact of tourism on rural areas second homes with daily tourism with sustainable development approach (by: city Shemiranat , Tehran province) rural Studies, No. IV, pp. 35-62. Rezvani, Mohammad Reza (1993). The study and development of second homes in rural areas of north Tehran, Geographical Research, No. 45, pp. 59-73. Roberts, L.; Hall, D. (2001). Rural Tourism and Recreation: Principles to Practice. Wallingford: CABI Publishing. Sharply, R. (2002). T Rural Tourism and the Callaged of Tourism Diversification: The Cace of Cyprus, Tourism Management, Vol. 23, 233-344. Sepahvand, F. (2007). The second home tourism in improving the quality of life of local residents (Item: Shemiranat city, Tehran), MS Thesis, Tehran University. Sharply, Julia Richard (1980). Rural tourism, translation of mercy. Clerk of Fatima Nasir Mohammad Zadeh, Press Secretary. Salehinasab, Zahra (1997). The effects on tourism and second homes in rural areas (Item: The city Qsran roudbar Shemiranat), Master of Science Thesis, Tehran University. Wall and Smith (1982). Tourism Alternatives: Potential and Problems in the Development of Tourism, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Wolfe, R.I. (1951). Summer Cottagers in Ontario.Economic Geography 27 (1), 10-32. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| districts Baraghan, in rural areas, Rural tourism, Second Homes, the effects of the physical body | ||
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