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ارزیابی و تحلیل ابعاد و مؤلفههای تابآوری کلانشهر تبریز | ||
| نشریه هنرهای زیبا: معماری و شهرسازی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 18، شماره 3، مهر 1392، صفحه 33-42 اصل مقاله (752.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jfaup.2013.51316 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا فرزاد بهتاش1؛ محمدعلی کی نژاد2؛ محمدتقی پیربابایی3؛ علی عسگری* 4 | ||
| 11دکترای شهرسازی اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار دانشکده هنرهای لیبرال و مطالعات حرفه‌ای، دانشگاه یورک، تورنتو، کانادا. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چکیده امروزه عمدتاً شهرها و جوامع سکونتگاهی در مکانهایی ایجاد یا بنا شدهاند که بهلحاظ مخاطرات طبیعی درمعرض وقوع انواع سوانح طبیعی و یا بهدلیل پیشرفتهای تکنولوژی در معرض انواع سوانح انسانساخت هستند. نگاهیکه تاکنون در مدیریت سوانح و مدیریت شهری وجود داشته، بیشتر نگاه مقابلهای و کاهش مخاطرات بوده است. دراین میان، مفهوم تابآوری، مفهوم جدیدی است که بیشتر در مواجهه با ناشناختهها و عدم قطعیتها بهکار برده میشود. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی و سنجش میزان تابآوری کلانشهر تبریز بدون در نظر گرفتن تهدید مخاطره خاصی میباشد. بنابراین، ابتدا مؤلفهها و ابعاد مطرح در تابآوری شهری تدقیق گردید. سپس با استفاده از دیدگاه خبرگان حوزههای مختلف که کاملاً مشرف بر وضعموجود کلانشهر تبریز در حوزه تخصصی خود بودهاند و نیز مطالعات تطبیقی، ابعاد و مؤلفههای نهایی نگارندگان ارایه شد و با تحلیل پرسشنامهها و انجام مطالعات و محاسبات لازم میزان تابآوری کلانشهر تبریز در ابعاد و مؤلفههای مختلف مورد ارزیابی و سنجش قرار گرفت. با توجه به نتایج حاصل شده، میزان میانگین تابآوری شهر تبریز برابر 23/2 است (پایینتر از 3) که نشان میدهد درمجموع خبرگان براین نظر اعتقاد دارند که تبریز از لحاظ تابآوری در وضعیت کاملاً مطلوبی نیست. بااینحال بعد اجتماعی-فرهنگی بالاترین رتبه را در تابآوری کلانشهر تبریز دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه های کلیدی تابآوری؛ شرایط اضطراری؛ آسیب‌پذیری؛ مدیریت سوانح و مخاطرات؛ کلانشهر تبریز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation and Analysis of Dimensions and Components of Tabriz Metropolis Resiliency | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Reza Farzad Behtash1؛ Mohammad Ali Keynejhad2؛ Mohammad Taghi Pirbabaei3؛ Ali Asgary4 | ||
| 1PhD on Islamic Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies, York University, Toronto, Canada | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Nowadays, cities and communities have been established in places where are exposed to different disasters or due to technological progress are exposed to man-made incidents. The view to disaster management and urban management has been changed from response and mitigation to resilience and bounce back. Resilience is a new concept which was introduced by Hollings (1979) in ecology. This concept is used in uncertainties and unknowns and based on the latest definition of resilience in National Academy (2012) resilience is “the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from or more successfully adapt to actual or potential adverse events”. The objective of this study is to assess and analyze the resilience of Tabriz. Therefore, based on seventeen relevant studies including previous authors study, influential factors in urban resiliency were classified and categorized into seven dimensions and their related components. The dimensions are mitigation, infrastructure, physical, environment, socio-cultural, economic, and management which has been tried to be complete and comprehensive to cover all aspect of urban resilience. Then, the questionnaire was designed and distributed between 40 scholars and expertise of relevant fields such as disaster management, urban planning, social and economic sciences, civil engineering and environment studies. Each items of questionnaire was included of five sections from 1 (completely vulnerable) to 5 (completely resilience). It was asked them to specify the condition of Tabriz in each component. Finally, obtained results of questionnaire was analyzed and evaluated by SPSS. It was clarified that the mean of resilience in hazard mitigation is 2.3, in infrastructural is 2.18, in structural and physical is 2, in economic is 1.94, in environment is 2.23, in socio-cultural is 2.8, and in management is 2.16. The most resilient components of mitigation dimension are education and drills, governance role, and risk and vulnerability assessment. For infrastructural dimension, they are critical infrastructure, lifelines and urban facilities. Neighborhood coherence, land use and urban fabrics are the most resilient components of physical dimension. In economy, value of property, occupation and salary, and economic stability are more resilient components. The most resilient component of environment is biodiversity. Political stability is resilient component of management dimension. It is noticeable the entire mean of resilience for Tabriz is 2.23 (less than 3) which indicates inappropriate resilience condition of Tabriz based on experts’ perspectives. The most proper dimension also is socio-cultural. In this dimension, beliefs, family structure, ideology and religion, ethnicity, attachment sense, cultural capital and social capital are resilient components. It is obvious that Tabriz can be introduced as a resilient city whenever all components and therefore all dimensions of defined and proposed model are in a proper and suitable condition. Although, Tabriz is in better condition of socio-cultural dimension, the results of other dimensions and also entire resilience of Tabriz state vulnerability of the city. Therefore, authorities and managers of city should not ignore improper condition of other dimensions and they should move towards resilience improvement. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Key Words: Resiliency, Emergencies, vulnerability, Disaster management, Tabriz Metropolis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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