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تحلیل مکانی و کارکردی خدمات پیشرفته پشتیبان تولید در راستای پیوند تهران با شبکه شهرهای جهانی (مطالعۀ موردی: شرکت های کارگزاری خدمات بیمه آسیا) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 46، شماره 2، تیر 1393، صفحه 237-254 اصل مقاله (543.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2014.51562 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین حاتمی نژاد* 1؛ علیرضا محمدی2؛ الهه پیشگر3 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکدۀ جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2استادیار جغرافیا، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکدۀ جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بازساخت شهری در عصر جهانیشدن اقتصادی تا حد زیادی متأثر از ویژگی‌ها، رفتار و کارکرد شرکت‌های خدمات پیشرفته است که در اقتصاد پسا- فوردیستی بهوجود آمده‌اند. آنها گره‌های کلیدی در اقتصاد شبکه‌ای و اتصال شهرها به یکدیگر هستند؛ بهگفتۀ دیگر، اقتصاد جهانی از طریق روابط افقی و عمودی شبکه‌ای و فعالیت‌های همپیوند شرکتی، تا حد زیادی توانسته است خدمات را جهانی کند و در این رابطه، شهرها با یکدیگر پیوندهای کارکردی برقرار کرده‌اند. یکی از این خدمات پیشرفته، خدمات بیمه است. خدمات بیمه ضمن آفرینش فضا‌های خدماتی، عامل کلیدی در سازماندهی فعالیت‌ها و جریان‌های اقتصادی بهشمار میروند. در این نوشتار، جغرافیای مکانی شرکت‌های کارگزاری خدمات بیمه و کارکرد آنها در رابطه با پیوند تهران با شبکة شهرهای جهانی نشان داده شده است. هدف پژوهش تحلیل مکانی و کارکردی خدمات بیمه در راستای پیوند تهران با شبکة شهرهای جهانی از طریق شاخص حضور و پیوند شرکت‌های کارگزاری بیمه بوده است. از حدود 150 شرکت کارگزاری بیمة آسیا، از 45 نمونه پرسشگری و مصاحبۀ حضوری بهعمل آمده است. یافته‌های این پژوهش عبارتند از: 1. کلانشهر تهران، مرکز فرماندهی و مدیریت خدمات شرکتی بیمه در ایران است؛ 2. از نظر فضایی، خدمات بیمه الگویی مشتریمحور داشته و به سمت مناطق شمالی و کانون خدمات شرکتی کلانشهر تهران حرکت میکنند؛ 3. از نظر خدمات شرکت‌های بیمه، تهران پیوند بسیار ضعیفی با شبکة شهرهای جهانی دارد. نتیجه اینکه، تهران در این بخش شهری جهانی شمرده نمیشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خدمات پیشرفتۀ پشتیبان تولید (ای.پی.اس)؛ رفتار مکانی؛ شبکه شهری جهانی؛ شرکت‌های کارگزاری خدمات بیمه؛ کارکرد فراملی؛ کلانشهر تهران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Spatial and Functional Analysis of Tehran APS With Emphasis on City Connection to World Cities Network A Case study of Asia Insurance Broker Firms | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossin Hatami Nezhad1؛ Ali Reza Mohammadi2؛ Elahe Pishgar3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Mohagheghe Ardabili, Iran | ||
| 3MS., Geography & Urban Planning, University of Shahid Beheshti, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Much of the cities restructuring are influenced by places, firms, and networked connectivity between them in an economic globalization era. This article begins with explanation of Advanced Producer Services (APS) and Insurance service's importance in cities Eco-Spatial restructuring with emphasizing on spatial and functional behavior of insurance firms in a Tehran metropolis. The main purpose of this article is to examine the determinants of location decision making by insurance firms as well as their transnational function in Tehran’s connectivity in the World Cities Network. Analyses of data collected from 45 firms of almost 150, by means of questionnaires, interviews, and published documents reveal three main findings: First, Tehran is a national command and control center of insurance as APS sector in Iran. Second, a new sector of corporate based economy has formed in conjunction with Tehran CBD in the last two decades and firms moving to northern areas of Tehran. Finally, despite the high potential of Tehran for participation in the global cities network, for the time being, Tehran has a very weak status in connection to the World Cities Network, Tehran is not yet a world city. Growth of the recent capitalism, information revolution, and globalization offered new functions to cities. In this process cities get new functions in service sector. One of them is “Advanced Producer Services” (APS) including accountancy and auditing services. Those services support many economic sectors in cities to enhance their efficiency. In this article we have studied corporate geography of Advanced Producer Services Firms (APSFs) with emphasis on ASIA Insurance Broker Firms. Methodology In this paper, we have used documents and survey studies including questionnaire and interviews to obtain conclusions. We use some analytical instruments and software such as ArcGIS10, SPSS19 and also statistical analysis methods to test and examine the hypnosis. We collected data from 45 firms from nearly 150 as samples to the survey. The research has functional and spatial variables. Thus, with the theoretical framework, APS sector and its location define the determinants in Tehran Metropolis. The variables are: - Formation of companies - Buildings type - Access to the CBD - Access to transport - Reasons for Moving - Firms Location - Access to customers - Size of firms - Year of establishment - Labor - Use of Information Technology - Face-to-face encounters - Connection to the cities of the world - Reasons for international links Results and discussion In this paper, we have studied corporate geography of APS in Tehran metropolis by using variables such as accessibility to transportation network, CBD, land cost, ICT, firm size, hinterland, global city network connectivity, and other variables. We have used some documents for studying location determinants and characteristics of the Insurance Broker Firms (IBFs) in the city. The research has tried to show the relation between APS transportation network, CBD, land cost, and other determinants in the city. The study also examine APS more density regions in municipality concentrated APS and movements of APS to qualified environments. The most important findings of this present research are: 1. Over ninety percent of insurance companies are formed in Tehran in the past two decades and they have grown. 2. All major insurance companies are concentrated in Tehran as a command center of headquarters in insurance sector of Iran 3. In addition to the Central Bussiness District (CBD), a new district is formed by the most advanced service companies in the city. 4. Tehran Metropolis, have not had an advanced urban center to absorb foreign companies. Most service companies have been spred in the highest quality residential areas. 5. In the urban geography of Tehran, foreign and international companies operating in the financial and insurance sector dont have a tangible presence. Conclusion In this research, we have found that initially a new corporate services-based sector has been shaped in the recent years and extended to the north of Tehran and suburbs with a high environmental quality. Secondly, AAFs in Tehran don’t have international functions and they have a weak relation to the global cities' networks. Finally, this can be concluded that, although Tehran has high capacity in international relations and participating in the global cities network, it is not yet a world city; its accountancy and auditing sector is a good example of this situation. Tehran urban management must provide strategies to empowerment and enhancement in corporate services-based economy to work with transnational functions. Tehran needs to have APS sector to connect to the Global City Network. To enter into this vision, the urban management is required to scrutinize and apply for appropriate programs as soon as possible.Given that the impact of the sanctions on the economy of city has been doubled, but corrective and preventive actions in this field has not yet been done. In the recent years, Tehran has tried to improve the city environment for international events. Among them we can mention the improved public transport and urban green spaces. However, the efforts have not been conductedin APS. For Tehran it is necessary to improve its international and inter-city relations. For this, spatial planning and reforms in political, social, and cultural sectorsare indispensable. Advanced services such as insurance sector are very fragile and delicate in competition with the world. It requires careful forethought and planning. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Advanced Producer Services (APS), insurance services broker firms, locational behavior, Tehran Metropolitan, trans-national function, world cities network | ||
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