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واکاوی سازههای اجتماعی مؤثر بر موفقیت تعاونیهای تولید روستایی | ||
| پژوهشهای روستائی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 5، شماره 2، مرداد 1393، صفحه 333-354 اصل مقاله (464.86 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrur.2014.52474 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرزاد کریمی1؛ مهدی نوری پور* 2؛ سعید هدایتی نیا1؛ زکریا محمدی تمری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعة روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
| 2استادیار ترویج کشاورزی و توسعة روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از گونه‌های شرکت‌‌‌های تعاونی که نقش مهمی در زندگی مردم، به‌ویژه روستاییان و کشاورزان دارد، شرکت تعاونی تولید روستایی است، که همواره به‌‌‌‌عنوان یکی از راه‌‌‌های اساسی برای فائق‌آمدن بر مشکلات کشاورزی مطرح بوده است. بنابراین، توجه به رشد و توسعة شرکت‌‌‌های تعاونی به‌‌‌‌منظور دستیابی به اهداف اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، که در سایة شناخت مفاهیم موفقیت تعاونی‌‌‌ها شکل می‌‌‌گیرد، بسیار ضروری است. پژوهش حاضر به تحلیل سازههای اجتماعی مؤثر بر موفقیت تعاونیهای تولید روستایی پرداخته است. بدین منظور از روش توصیفی- همبستگی با رویکرد مقایسه‌‌‌ای بهره گرفته شد. جامعة آماری پژوهش، تعاونیهای تولید روستایی شهرستان بویراحمد بودند که جمعاً 1809 نفر عضو دارند و با استفاده از جدول پاتن و روش نمونه‌‌‌گیری طبقه‌‌‌ای به‌‌‌‌صورت متناسب 317 نفر به‌‌‌‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌‌‌آوری داده‌‌‌ها، پرسشنامه‌‌‌ای محقق‌ساخته بود که برای تعیین اعتبار آن از روش تحلیل عاملی، و به‌‌‌‌منظور تعیین پایایی آن از هم‌‌‌سانی درونی به‌‌‌‌روش آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. برای کمّی‌کردن داده‌‌‌های کیفی که به‌‌‌‌صورت طیف 7گزینه‌‌‌ای سنجیده شده بود، از نظریة مجموعه‌‌‌های فازی بهره گرفته شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌‌‌ها از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل واریانس یک‌‌‌طرفه و تحلیل مسیر (نرم‌‌‌افزار AMOSver20) استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که تعاونیهای تولید روستایی شهرستان بویراحمد ازلحاظ دستیابی به اهداف ازپیش تعیین‌شده (389/0 دامنة میانگین 012/0 تا 975/0) چندان موفق نبودند و تا رسیدن به حد موفقیت مطلوب فاصلة زیادی دارند. در این میان تعاونی تولید کاکان ازلحاظ میانگین (471/0) دستیابی به اهداف تفاوت معناداری با سایر تعاونیهای مطالعه‌شده دارد و موفق‌‌‌تر عمل کرده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تعاونی تولید روستایی؛ تئوری مجموعه‌‌‌های فازی؛ کشاورزی؛ مدل‌یابی معادله‌های ساختاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analysis of social factors effects on Rural Production Cooperatives’ success Case Study: Boyer-Ahmad County | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farzad Karimi1؛ Mehdi Nooripoor2؛ Saeid Hedayatinya1؛ Zakaria Mohammadi Tamari3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Rural Development, Yasouj University | ||
| 2Assistant Prof. of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Yasouj University | ||
| 3M.Sc. Student of Rural Development, Yasouj University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Introduction Rural Production Cooperatives (RPCs) are one of different cooperative types that play a crucial role in the rural people’s lives. The aim of this research was to analyze social factors effects on RPCs’ success. Thus, a descriptive research based on comparative view was used in this study. Research population consisted of the members of Boyer-Ahmad County RPCs (N=1809) that about 317 ones of them were selected as research sample based on random sampling table and stratified sampling technique. Data collecting tool was a researcher developed questionnaire that its validity was verified using Factor Analysis technique and its reliability was also verified using Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency scales. The KMO scores (from 0.513 to 0.834) and Alpha Coefficient Scores (from 0.536 to 0.91) show proper optimality of the prepared questionnaire. Moreover, Fuzzy Sets Theory was used to quantify qualitative data, which were measured by a 7 options spectrum. Finally, some statistical analysis techniques such as Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Analysis of Variances, and Path Analysis were used to analyze data. The results showed that Boyer-Ahmad RPCs have not been very successful in reaching predetermined goals (score 0.389 in a range from .012 to .975). Of course, Kakan RPCs has a statistically significant difference in reaching the supposed goals comparing other RPCs. The Path Analysis Coefficients showed that members’ knowledge, their attitudes towards team work, responsibility of directors, RPC’s relationships with related organizations, and members’ participation in RPC’s affairs have the most of total effect on RPC’s Success (0.439, 0.253, 0.224, 0.194, and 0.172 respectively). Introduction Almost half the world's population lives in rural areas of developing countries, while the majority of them are small farmers and their livelihood is through agriculture. With regard to low efficiency of their activities due to some reasons i.e. lack of using new technical knowledge and machines, cooperation and team work is very useful to enhance their efficiency and to improve their economic status. Thus, today one of the most important strategies of different countries either developing or developed is to establish cooperatives in agricultural production system. Rural Production Cooperatives (RPCs) is one example of such cooperatives. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze social factors influencing these cooperatives success in Boyer-Ahmad County, Southwestern of Iran. Also, the objectives of this study were: - To measure RPCs success in meeting predetermined goals; - Comparison of different RPCs based on their level of success; - To explain factors influencing these cooperatives success in the study area. Methodology A survey research method was used in this study. Research population consisted of the members of RPCs in Boyer-Ahmad County (N=1809) that about 317 ones of them were selected as research sample based on random sample size table and also were studied based on stratified random sampling technique. A pre-structured questionnaire was designed including 9 parts of different questions with Likert type spectrum responses. Furthermore, the Fuzzy Sets Theory was used to quantify qualitative data. Face validity technique was used using subject matter specialists' opinions to ensure the validity of the questionnaire. Also, to a pilot study was conducted to test the reliability of the research tool. The calculated Cronbach's Alpha (0.54- 0.91) showed the acceptable reliance of the supposed questionnaire. Moreover, to evaluate the validity of the research concepts, construct validity technique was used using factor analysis procedure. The results of KMO test (0.513 – 0.834) showed a proper construct validity of the questionnaire. Findings One of the goals of this study was to measure Boyer-Ahmad County RPCs' success in meeting predetermined goals. RPCs goals were characterized in four main groups: 1. Providing agricultural inputs and production factors; 2. Providing infra-structural services; 3. Extension- education services; 4. After production services. Research findings showed that the average success rate of RPCs in meeting predetermined goals was in moderate to low range (0.389 in a range from 0.012 to 0.975). Furthermore, RPCs were more successful in providing inputs and production factors, although there is no significant difference between their success rate in meeting the above four main goals. Nevertheless, the supposed cooperatives are still far from the ideal situation. To identify determinants of the success of RPCs, Structural Equation Modeling was used using AMOSver.20 Software. Eight variables (i.e. social capital, trust, communication, awareness towards principles of cooperation, members' attitudes towards cooperation and team work, responsibility, performance and participation) entered the model, while all variables were significantly correlated with RPCs success. Overall, these dependent variables had the ability to explain about 83% of RPCs success variance. Direct and indirect effects of independent variables on dependent variable were also analyzed. The results showed that "awareness towards principles of cooperation" has the greatest effect on RPCs success (total effect=0.439), after that, other affect variables are "members' attitudes towards cooperation and team work", responsibility, participation, trust, performance and social capital respectively. Conclusion Results of this study showed that the supposed cooperatives were not so successful in meeting predetermined goals. Also, among a lot of variables, only eight variables named awareness towards principles of cooperation, members' attitudes towards cooperation and team work, communication, responsibility, participation, trust, performance and social capital had significant effects on RPCs success. This results showed that policy makers and planners should pay more attention to these variables, especially how to strengthen them. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Rural Production Cooperative (RPCs), Agriculture, Fuzzy, Structural Equation Modeling, Path analysis | ||
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