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تحلیل جامعه‌شناختی مقابلة کشاورزان با آثار زیان‌بار تغییر آبوهوا مطالعة موردی: شهرستان بابلسر | ||
| پژوهش های روستائی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 5، شماره 2، مرداد 1393، صفحه 355-374 اصل مقاله (232.41 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrur.2014.52475 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صادق صالحی* 1؛ زهرا پازوکی نژاد2 | ||
| 1استادیار جامعه‌شناسی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه مازندران | ||
| 2مربی جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور واحد قائم‌شهر | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تغییر آبوهوا پدیده‌ای است که به‌سرعت درحال وقوع است و پیامدهای زیان‌بار گسترده‌ای دارد. بهره‌گیری از دانش تغییر آبوهوا و یقین داشتن از وقوع آن، در توانمندسازی گروه‌های آسیب‌پذیر در برابر پیامدهای این تغییر بسیار مؤثر و حیاتی است. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش دانش و باور کشاورزان به تغییر آبوهوا در حمایت‌شان از سیاست‌های سازگاری در کشاورزی است. جامعۀ آماری این تحقیق را 7861 نفر از کشاورزان شهرستان بابلسر تشکیل می‌دهند که با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای، تعداد 140 نفر از آنها به‌عنوان نمونۀ آماری برگزیده شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات تحقیق، پرسشنامۀ محقق‌ساخته بود و میزان پایایی پرسش‌ها بیش از 60 درصد به‌دست آمد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که میزان دانش تغییر آبوهوا، باور به وقوع آن و نیز سطح حمایت کشاورزان از سیاست‌های مقابله، بیش از متوسط بوده است. براساس تحلیل رگرسیون، متوسط زمین زراعیِ دراختیار و باور به وقوع تغییر آبوهوا مهم‌ترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر حمایت کشاورزان از سیاست‌های مقابله بودند. درحالی‌که متغیرهای سن، درآمد حاصل از کشاورزی، و دانش تغییر آبوهوا بر عامل حمایت تأثیری نداشتند. براساس نتایج این تحقیق، پیشنهادهایی برای توانمندسازی کشاورزان و حمایت‌های اجتماعی، روانی، و اقتصادی ارائه شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| باور؛ تغییر آبوهوا؛ سازگاری؛ کشاورزان؛ مازندران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Role of Cultural Factors in Supporting Policies to Adapt to Climate Change by Farmers Case Study: Babolsar city | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sadegh Salehi1؛ Zahra Pazuki Nejad2 | ||
| 1Assistant Prof. of Environmental Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mazandaran University | ||
| 2The Lecture of Sociology, Payam Nour University, Qaemshahr | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Introduction Climate change is a phenomenon that rapidly occurring and the necessity to adapt it are crucial. Knowledge of climate change and the certainty of its occurrence are critical to the empowerment of vulnerable groups towards its outcome. Taking a scientific and proper approach to deal with the issue of global climate change (GCG) requires awareness towards this phenomenon which helps to make a proper and applicable policy. In other words, to address CC issues like environmental risks we need to understand the causes, consequences and potential solutions to CC. Because, environmental issues of the early twenty first century are characterized by a high level of scientific and technical complexity, good citizens needs to be well informed and more accurate on decisions about scientific issues. Therefore, by arising knowledge of CC, individual behavioral changes directed towards combating the problem can be engendered. In recent years, many researchers have examined public knowledge of the greenhouse effect and ozone depletion. This field of study seems very new and the CC issue seems under studied. This means public's understanding of CC has not been determined and there is no information about people attitudes and behavior toward CC issue. Iran is a signatory of the Kyoto Protocol and according to this treaty; she is obliged to implement mitigation and adaptation policies to reduce greenhouse gas. Performance indicators reported by the German Institute for Climate Watch in 2011 suggests that Iran was allocated rank 52 of the 60 positions to its ranking which suggests that it dropped 14 steps lower than the previous period based on the performance index of climate change. According to enactment the rules of procedure adopted Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol in July 2009 by cabinet and the National Climate Change Committee and the Secretariat related it in Environmental Protection Agency’ Iran, it seems Iran gets better grades in terms of reducing carbon emissions. The purpose of this study is to analysis the role of knowledge and belief in forming farmers’ support towards climate change adaptation policies in agriculture. Methodology The present study utilized survey method and the main tool for data collection was questionnaire. Given that the main focus of study is assessing farmers’ knowledge, the unit of analysis in this study is farmers and level of analysis is micro. To this end, total population was 7861 of farmers’ Babolsar that using multi-stage cluster sampling, 140 were selected as samples. A total of 140 farmers were interviewed face to face, using questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of 64 questions. The questions were either open ended or in multiple choice format. The rate of validity’ questions were higher than 60 percent. 3 hypotheses were examined. Data entry, editating and final processing was performed by applying software SPSS. The initial analysis showed that the dependent variable did have a normal distribution and we utilized parametric test (e.g. Pearson correlation coefficient, Regression model) for hypothesis testing accordingly. Findings The findings show that knowledge of climate change and belief in the occurrence and level of supporting the policies is rather moderate, declined to high. Based on regression analysis, the average agricultural land and a belief in the occurrence of climate change, were the most important factors affecting policies supports. In contrast, the age and knowledge of climate change showed no effect on supporting climate change policies. Discussion The results of this study showed that knowledge does not necessarily lead to supporting climate change policies. Belief in climate change played a major role in creating incentives to tackle climate change. In fact, those villagers who believe climate change is happening and that human activity is the main source of climate change, they expressed greater willingness to undertake collective action to support adaptation and mitigation policies. Based on the above results, the following can be presented as research suggestions. • Improvement of extension services in the rural region, to improve knowledge and skills of farmers on climate change adaptation strategies and familiarizing them with the basic elements of successful implementation of policies to tackle climate change. • Government agencies and non-governmental reports should be available to scholars in order to properly analyze the current situation. In addition, we need organizations that are involved in climate change education and take responsibility to provide the information about factors and consequences of climate change. • Projections of economic, social and cultural consequences of climate change for rural communities is needed and this needs to be done by experts so that they can respond more effectively to global warming. In this context, one of the most consistent programs is sustainable agriculture that farmers should be given the necessary training. • Providing mental and financial support and empowering farmers by the respective institutions makes farmers to have choices for changing product strategies and managing resources (water, soil and inputs) to tackle climate change. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| climate change, belief, adaptation, farmers, Mazandaran | ||
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