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فراسنجه‌های زیستی بالتوری سبز( Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens با تغذیه از پسیل معمولی پستة تیمار‌شده با سه عصارة گیاهی و آفت‌کش آمیتراز | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 3، شماره 2، مهر 1393، صفحه 151-164 اصل مقاله (475.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2014.53853 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرانک میرزایی1؛ محمد امین سمیع* 2؛ حسین الهیاری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشدگیاه پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر رفسنجان | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر رفسنجان | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بالتوری سبز معمولی Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) یکی از دشمنان طبیعی مهم حشرات آفت است. در این پژوهش، تأثیرات جنبی چند عصارة گیاهی شامل استبرق Calotropis procera (Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae)، شاه‌تره Fumaria parviflora Lam. (Fumariaceae) و اکالیپتوس Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae) و آفت‌کش آمیتراز بر پارامترهای زیستی لاروهای سن دوم بالتوری سبز بررسی شد. آزمایش‌ها در دمای 2±26 درجة سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دورة نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی به دو روش تیمار تماس موضعی و گوارشی با تغذیه از پسیل معمولی پسته، Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lautererانجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که طول دورة رشدی (لارو سن دوم تا حشرة کامل) در شرایط تیمار لاروها به روش گوارشی با عصارة گیاهی استبرق و آفت‌کش آمیتراز نسبت به تیمار آن‌ها با آب (شاهد) طولانی‌تر بود و بین تیمارها با شاهد اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود نداشت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین زنده‌مانی برای حشرات کامل 127 روز برای تیمار اکالیپتوس و کمترین آن 110 و 113 روز به‌ترتیب برای تیمار آمیتراز و استبرق مشاهده شد. در تیمار تماس موضعی اثر تیمارها بر دورة رشد پیش از بلوغ معنی‌دار نبود. دورة پیش از بلوغ در تیمار شاتره با 76/22 روز بیشترین و در تیمار استبرق با 96/21 روز کمترین بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تغذیة شکارگر از پسیل‌های آلوده به عصاره‌ها و آفت‌کش آمیتراز بیشتر از تماس موضعی با آن‌هاست. افزایش اثر تیمارها روی مراحل رشدی شکارگر با افزایش عمر، آثار زیرکشندگی تیمارها را نشان می‌دهد. در راهبرد مدیریت تلفیقی آگاهی از این‌گونه تأثیرات کمک خواهد کرد که در به‌کارگیری ترکیبات ایمن برای دشمن طبیعی به تمام جنبه‌های اثر ترکیب توجه شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بالتوری سبز؛ پسیل معمولی پسته؛ تأثیرات جنبی؛ دورة رشد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biological parameters of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) feeding on common pistachio psylla treated by three plant extracts and amitraz | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Faranak Mirzaii1؛ Mohammad Amin Samih2؛ Hossein Allahyari3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. student Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is one of the important natural enemies of pest insects. Present study conducted to evaluate the side effects of some plant extracts, Calotropis procera (Willd.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), Fumaria parviflora Lam. (Fumariaceae), Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae) and pesticide amitraz on biological parameters of the second instar larvae of the green lacewingon. Experiments were conducted at controlled conditions (26 ±20 C, 60±5 RH and 16:8 h-L:D)feeding on common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer using two methods of exposure, ingestion and topical application. Results showed that total developmental period (second instar larva to adult) when 2nd instar larvae was treated with C. procera extract and amitraz was longer than control (water). Results showed that maximum survival period for adult was observed in Eucalyptus spp. with 127 days and minimum with 110 and 113 days in amitraz, and C. procera treatment. There was no significant difference between, treatments with control. In topical application method, there was no significant difference between treatment effects on developmental period in immature stage. The developmental period for F. parviflora treatment with 22.76 was the highest and for C. procera treatment with 21.96 was the lowest. The results showed that predators feeding on infected Psylhay more local exposure to pesticides. Increase effect of treatments on developmental stages of predator with increase of life, Shows the effects of sub lethal effect of treatments. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| : Agonoscena pistaciae, Chrysoperla carnea, developmental period, side effects | ||
| مراجع | ||
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