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تأثیر دفعات خوراک‌دهی و افزودن روغن گیاهی به جیره بر عملکرد و رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای گاوهای شیرده هلشتاین | ||
| تولیدات دامی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 17، شماره 1، فروردین 1394، صفحه 119-129 اصل مقاله (638.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jap.2015.54025 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کامران اکبری پابندی* 1؛ حمیدرضا میرزایی الموتی2 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور مطالعۀ اثر افزودن روغن به جیره و دفعات خوراک‌دهی بر عملکرد و رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای، از 24 رأس گاو شیرده هلشتاین (12 رأس گاو یک‌بار زایش‌کرده و 12 رأس چند بار زایش‌کرده بهترتیب با میانگین وزنی 58±626 و 25±617 کیلوگرم و روزهای شیردهی 44±195 و 39±207 روز) در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×2 با دو سطح روغن در جیره (صفر و 5/2 درصد) و دو برنامۀ غذایی (یک و سه بار در روز) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کاملاَ تصادفی استفاده شد. اثر تیمارها بر مادۀ خشک مصرفی معنیدار نبود، ولی افزودن روغن باعث کاهش نوسانات خوراک‌خوردن به‌ویژه با یک بار خوراک‌دهی در روز شد (05/0 > P). اثر متقابل بین دفعات خوراک‌دهی و افزودن روغن برای تولید شیر تمایل به معنیداری داشت (1/0>P). در گاوهایی که سه بار در روز خوراک دریافت کردند، افزودن روغن به جیره سبب افزایش تولید شیر شد (09/0 =P)، ولی این افزایش در یک بار خوراک‌دهی مشاهده نشد. پروتئین شیر گاوهایی که سه بار در روز جیرۀ حاوی روغن دریافت کردند، کاهش یافت (05/0>P). تغذیۀ گاوها یک بار در روز با جیرۀ حاوی روغن موجب بهبود درصد چربی شیر شد (05/0> P). بهطورکلی افزودن روغن به جیرۀ گاوهای اواسط دورۀ شیردهی میتواند تأثیرات مخاطرهانگیز کاهش دفعات خوراک‌دهی را کاهش دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| افزودن روغن؛ ترکیب شیر؛ تولید شیر؛ دفعات خوراک‌دهی؛ رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای؛ گاو هلشتاین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of feeding frequency and adding plant oil to diet on performance and feeding behavior of lactating Holstein dairy cows | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Kamran Akbari Pabandi1؛ Hamid Reza Mirzaei Alamouti2 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding frequency and oil supplementation to the diet on performance and feeding behavior of lactating dairy cows. Twenty four lactating Holstein cows, 12 primiparous, (BW= 626±58 Kg and DIM= 195±44 day) and 12 multiparous, (BW= 617±25 Kg and DIM= 207±39 day) were randomly assigned to four diets contained 2.5 percent supplemental oil or no oil and feeding frequency of 3 or 1 time per day in a randomized complete block design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Frequency of feed delivery and oil supplementation had no effect on dry matter intake. Oil supplementation reduced slug feeding especially with feeding once per day (P<0.05). Feeding frequency and oil supplementation interaction tended to significant for milk yield (P= 0.09), as there was a numerical increase in milk yield in oil 3 time feeding with oil diet. The cows fed oil diet in 3 time feed delivery had lower milk protein (P<0.05), but milk fat increased with 1 time feeding and oil supplementation (P<0.05). The results showed that oil supplementation to mid lactating cows diet can decreased compromised effects of decreasing feeding frequency. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| chewing behavior, feeding frequency, Holstein cow, milk yield and composition, supplemental oil | ||
| مراجع | ||
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