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تولید رواناب در خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 13، دوره 46، شماره 1، فروردین 1394، صفحه 121-131 اصل مقاله (646.1 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2015.54301 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سیما محمدی1؛ مهدی همایی* 2؛ سید حمیدرضا صادقی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه خاک شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
2استاد گروه خاک شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
3استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
چکیده | ||
ارزیابی کمّی تأثیر خاکهای آلوده به مشتقات نفتی بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک برای مدیریت بهینة منابع آب و خاک ضروری است. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تولید رواناب در خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل بود. بدین منظور متغیرهای زمان آغاز رواناب، ضریب رواناب، تغییرات رواناب نسبت به زمان، و رواناب تجمعی برای خاکهای آلوده به نفت سفید و گازوییل با دو غلظت مختلف تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد وجود ترکیبات نفتی در خاک، باعث کاهشی معنادار در زمان آغاز رواناب نسبت به خاک شاهد میشود؛ به طوری که زمان آغاز رواناب از کرت شاهد نسبت به کرت آلوده به گازوییل تأخیر زمانی حدود 128 ثانیه را نشان داد. بیشترین ضریب رواناب در تیمارهای آلوده با غلظت بیشتر به دست آمد که باعث افزایش حدود سه تا سه و نیم برابر ضریب رواناب نسبت به کرت شاهد شدند. ارزیابی رواناب در گامهای زمانی مشترک نشان داد رواناب تولیدشده فقط در تیمارهای گازوییل با غلظت کمتر نسبت به تیمارهای نفت سفید با غلظت مشابه افزایش معنادار دارد؛ حال آنکه در غلظت بیشتر تفاوتی معنادار بین این دو تیمار مشاهده نشد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش معنادار رواناب تجمعی تولیدشده در همة کرتهای آلوده در مقایسه با کرت غیر آلوده بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبگریزی؛ آلودگی آب و خاک؛ بارش؛ ترکیبات نفتی؛ نفوذپذیری | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Runoff Generation in Kerosene and Gas Oil Contaminated Soils | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Sima Mohammadi1؛ Mehdi Homaee2؛ Seyed Hamid Reza Sadeghi3 | ||
1Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
2Professor; Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
3Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
A quantitative evaluation of the effects of contamination of soil with petroleum, on the soil physical properties, is required for optimal soil and water resources management. The objective followed in the present study was to investigate runoff generation in soils contaminated with Kerosene and Gas Oil. Towards this end, variables of runoff commencement, runoff coefficient, variations in runoff duration time as well as cumulative runoff were determined for the contaminated soils. The experimental treatments consisted of two concenterations of Kerosene and Gas Oil.. The results indicated that Kerosene and Gas Oil contaminated soil plots significantly influenced the commencement of runoff, so that, the runoff commencement for non-contaminated plots occurred 128 seconds later than that for the contaminated plots. However, different types of petroleum of the same quantities did not significantly influence the runoff commencement. In addition, a maximum runoff coefficient was obtained for higher concentrations of contaminants. The results further indicated that the runoff coefficient in contaminated plots was about 3 to 3.5 times that of non-contaminated plots. The contaminated soil plots exerted a significant influence on an increasing of the cumulative runoff in comparison with the non-contaminated plots. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Hydrophobicity, Infiltration, Petroleum compounds, Rainfall, Soil and water contamination | ||
مراجع | ||
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