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Social Identity Theory in Toni Morrison’s Sula | ||
| International Journal of Women's Research | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 3، شماره 1، تیر 2014، صفحه 93-104 اصل مقاله (306.91 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Zohreh Ramin* 1؛ Nazila Yadollahi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, English Language and Literature Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2M.A., English Language and Literature, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The concept of identity and its formation is one of the most basic notions in the field of social psychology. Many psychologist and sociologists have presented their theories based on this concept and the psychosocial progress of its formation in social contexts. Henry Tajfel, a prominent social psychologist, in his Social Identity Theory has divided an individual’s identity into two parts: “personal identity” and “social identity”. He believes that social interactions and bonds affect identity and accentuate our membership in different groups, playing a role in shaping and reshaping our personality. Toni Morrison’s novel titled Sula (1973) is among the books depicting the process of identity formation in suppressive social contexts in a white dominated society. The novel traces the life and death of a young girl in a racist and sexist community and depicts the process of her individuation and the forms of her personal and social identity construction under the influence of her life events and experiences as an African American female. The present paper attempts to probe into the identity formation of Sula, the protagonist who bears the title of the novel and lives in a repressive social and cultural context. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Henry Tajfel؛ identity formation؛ social identity theory؛ Sula؛ Toni Morrison | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Adjaero, N.M. (1996). The Structure of the Family: A Social Institution. Onitsha: Spirita n. Bloom, H. (2001). Sula. Broomhall, PA: Chelsea House. Crain, W.C. (1980). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Erikson, E.H. (1964). Childhood and Society. New York: Norton. Erikson, E.H. (1964). Identity, Youth, and Crisis. New York: W. W. Norton. Erikson, E.H. (1956). The Problem of Ego Identity. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 4 (1), 56-121. Fanon, F. (2008). Black Skin, White Masks. New York: Grove. Jean, Y.S., and Joe R. Feagin. (1998). Double Burden: Black Women and Everyday Racism. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. Jung, C. G. (1990). The Undiscovered Self: With Symbols and the Interpretation of Dreams. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP. Jung, C. G. (1963). Memories, Dreams, Reflections. New York: Pantheon. Layder, D. (2004). Social and Personal Identity: Understanding Yourself. London: Sage Publications. Mead, G.H. (1934). Mind, Self, and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist. Chicago: University of Chicago. Morris, W.C., John M. B., M.J. & others. (1938). The Philosophy of the Act. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago. Morrison, T. (1992). Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP. Morrison, T. and Carolyn C. D. (2008). . Jackson: University of Mississippi. Morrison, T. (1974). Sula. New York: Knopf. Tajfel, H. (1981). Human Groups and Social Categories: Studies in Social Psychology. Cambridge: SE. Tajfel, H. (1982). Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Tajfel, H. (1984). The Social Dimension: European Developments in Social Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. | ||
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