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تأثیر گیاه میزبان بر کشندگی قارچ Beauveria bassiana روی کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای، Tetranychus urticae و سن شکارگر Orius niger | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 5، شماره 2، آذر 1395، صفحه 129-138 اصل مقاله (610.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2016.59913 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی اصغر کوثری1؛ احد صحراگرد2؛ رضا طلایی حسنلویی* 3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 2استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 3استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی گیاه میزبان میتواند برکشندگی عوامل کنترل میکروبی روی آفت هدف و دشمنان طبیعی آن تأثیرگذار باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، کشندگی جدایه TV از قارچ B. bassiana در غلظت 107 کنیدی در میلیلیتر با برج پاشش علیه کنههای ماده بالغ روی گوجهفرنگی، خیار و توتفرنگی هرکدام در پنج تکرار مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. شاهد نیز با همان شرایط بدون پاشش قارچ در نظر گرفته شد. در مرحله بعدی، حساسیت سن شکارگر O. niger به قارچ بیمارگر با غلظت 107 کنیدی در میلیلیتر با پاشش روی ماده‌های بالغ و پورههای سن پنجم هر کدام در پنج تکرار روی این سه گیاه تعیین شد. اجرای هر دو گروه از آزمونها برمبنای طرح کاملاً تصادفی بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که کاربرد قارچ روی کنه T. urticae تحت تأثیر سه گیاه دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار است. به طوری که بیمارگری قارچ روی گیاه خیار با میانگین 63 درصد برای کنهها بیش‌تر از تلفات ایجادشده روی گوجهفرنگی با میانگین مرگ 57 درصد میباشد. میانگین درصد مرگومیر ایجادشده روی توتفرنگی (50 درصد) نسبت به دو گیاه دیگر به طور معنیداری کمتر بود. تجزیه واریانس دادهها نشان داد که اثر همان سه گیاه میزبان بر میزان کشندگی قارچ روی افراد بالغ سن شکارگر و پورههای سن پنجم با هم اختلاف معنی‌دار ندارند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد، جدایه مورد استفاده، توانایی کشندگی خوبی روی جمعیت کنه داشته و نیز حصول نتیجه کنترلی مناسب قارچ علیه یک آفت روی یک گیاه میزبان، لزوماً به منزله اثربخشی آن عامل علیه همان گونه هدف روی گیاه دیگر نیست. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کنه تارتن دولکه ای؛ گوجه فرنگی؛ خیار؛ توت فرنگی؛ دشمنان طبیعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of host plant on the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against Tetranychus urticae and predatory bug Orius niger | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Asghar Kosari1؛ Ahad Sahragard2؛ Reza Talaei-Hassanloui3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Plant Protection, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| As the host plants based on their physical and chemical characteristics can affect virulence of microbial control agents on the target pest and its natural enemies, therefore in the current study, the virulence of Beauveria bassiana TV isolate at concentration 107 conidia/ml was evaluated against T. urticae female adults, on three different host plants; tomato, cucumber and strawberry. Spray tower method with five replications was used in this research. In control, the spider mites were not treated by B. bassiana. Afterward, the sensitivity of fifth instar nymphs and six-day olds adult females of predatory bug, O. niger was investigated to the fungus at concentration of 107 conidia/ml on these three host plants with five replications. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Variance analysis revealed that the effect of this isolate was different statistically against T. urticae on three plants. Mean comparisons using F-LSD demonstrated that the highest mortality of mites with 63% was observed on cucumber compared to tomato and strawberry which were 57% and 50%, respectively. Based on the results, these three host plants did not affect the virulence of isolate TV on O. niger female adults and nymphs. Our findings showed, isolate TV is highly toxic to spider mite population tested in laboratory. Also, obtaining a good control result for a biological agent against a particular pest on a specific host plant, does not necessarily mean that the agent is effective on the same target pest but different host plant. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cucumber, natural enemies, strawberry, Tomato, two-spotted spider mite | ||
| مراجع | ||
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