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بررسی انتشارپذیری یون نیترات در خاک ماسهای با استفاده از مدل HYDRUS-1D | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 47، شماره 4، دی 1395، صفحه 765-774 اصل مقاله (1005.53 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2016.59983 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عاطفه آزادی فر* 1؛ امیر سلطانی محمدی2؛ هادی معاضد3؛ احمد فرخیان فیروزی4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه آیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 3استاد، گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 4استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز ، گروه علوم خاک | ||
| چکیده | ||
| افزایش استفاده از کودهای ازته به دلیل پویایی زیاد نیترات در خاک تهدیدی جدی برای آبهای زیرزمینی و درنتیجه سلامت انسان است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی مقادیر انتشارپذیری نیترات در خاکهای ماسهای درشت، متوسط و ریز در فواصل انتقال 20، 40 و 80 سانتیمتری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با مدل HYDRUS-1D میباشد. بدین منظور محلول نمک خالص نیترات پتاسیم به‌عنوان آلاینده پایدار تحت رژیم ماندگار با غلظت 160 میلیگرم بر لیتر به ستونهای خاک اضافه شد، سپس به‌منظور استخراج پارامترهای موردنیاز برای رسم منحنی رخنه غلظت نیترات خروجی در حجمهای تخلخل متفاوت اندازهگیری و منحنی رخنه برای هر ستون رسم گردید. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش اندازه ذرات خاک انتشارپذیری افزایش مییابد. همچنین با افزایش متوسط فاصله انتقال در ماسه درشت و متوسط، مقدار انتشارپذیری نیترات بیشتر شد. اما در ماسه ریز مقدار انتشارپذیری با افزایش فاصله انتقال کاهش یافت. مقادیر انتشارپذیری برای ماسه ریز از 50/30 تا 55/42 سانتیمتر، ماسه متوسط 06/57 تا 51/68 سانتیمتر و ماسه درشت 08/68 تا 26/97 سانتیمتر، محاسبه شد. درصد متوسط خطای مدل (Er) در تخمین پارامتر ضریب انتشارپذیری برای خاک ماسهای ریز کمتر و مقدار ضریب تعیین (R2) در آن نسبتاً بیشتر از خاکهای ماسهای درشت و متوسط بهدست آمد که به معنای پایینتر بودن روند کلی مقدار خطا و بالاتر بودن دقت در شبیهسازی انتقال نیترات در این مدل برای خاک ماسهای ریز میباشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فاصله انتقال؛ منحنی رخنه؛ خاک ماسهای همگن؛ انتقال آلاینده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Study of Nitrate Dispersivity in Sandy Soil Using HYDRUS-1D Model | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Atefeh Azadifar1؛ Amir Soltani mohammadi2؛ Hadi Moazed3؛ Ahmad Farrokhian Firuzi4 | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 43Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers due to high dynamics of nitrate in the soil would be a serious threat to groundwater, and therefore, to thuman health. This study is aimed to investigate the disperdivity values of nitrate in the coarse, medium and fine sandy soils in the short travel distance of 20, 40 and 80 cm in vitro using the HYDRUS-1D model. For this purpose, pure potassium nitrate salt solution under the sustainable regime with concentration of 160 (mg/lit) was added to the soil columns as persistent contaminants, then for extracting the needed parameters the concentration of output nitrate in three different porosities volumes were measured and Breakthrough curves were plotted for each column. The results showed that dispersivity increases as the soil particle size increases. Also, by increasing the average travel distance in medium and coarse sands nitrate disperdivity values increased. But in the fine sand the disperdivity values decreased as the transmission distance increased. The disperdivity values for fine, medium and coarse sand were from 30/50 to 42/55 cm, 57/06 to 68/51 cm, and 68/50 to 97/06 cm, respectively. The average model error percent (Er) was less for fine sandy soil, and coefficient of determination (R2) was relatively more for fine sandy soil than the coarse and medium sandy soils, which means the lower error value and higher precision of the overall process in simulation of nitrate transfer in this model for the fine sandy soils. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: travel distance, breakthrough curve, Sandy soil saturation, Pollutant Transfer | ||
| مراجع | ||
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