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اثر کشندگی و زیرکشندگی قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae روی فراسنجههای جدول زیستی باروری شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae در شرایط آزمایشگاهی | ||
کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 5، شماره 2، آذر 1395، صفحه 261-268 اصل مقاله (436.59 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2016.61636 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ساناز امامی1؛ سید علی صفوی* 2؛ یوبرت قوستا2 | ||
1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسیارشد حشرهشناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
شته مومی کلم یکی از آفات مهم گیاهان تیره کلم میباشد که با تغذیه مستقیم از شیره گیاهی و انتقال ویروسهای گیاهی خسارت میزند. روش رایج در کنترل آفت مذکور استفاده از حشرهکشهای شیمیایی است. اما آثار سوء استفاده از آنها موجب افزایش توجه به استفاده از ترکیبات و عوامل سازگار با محیط شده است. لذا در این تحقیق قدرت بیمارگری جدایههای DEMI001 و V245 از قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin روی حشرات کامل شته مومی کلم در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی شد. حشرات کامل آفت با غلظتهای 103 تا 107 کنیدی بر میلیلیتر تیمار شدند. همچنین فراسنجههای جدول زیستی باروری در شتههایی که با غلظت LC30 (105×1/2 کنیدی بر میلیلیتر) جدایه DEMI001 تیمار شدند، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاکی از حساسیت حشرات کامل شته مومی کلم به دو جدایه قارچی مورد استفاده بود. مقادیر LC50 برای جدایههای DEMI001 و V245 به ترتیب برابر با 105×5/1 و 106×3/2 کنیدی بر میلیلیتر بود. کمترین زمان لازم برای مرگ 50 درصد افراد جمعیت مربوط به جدایه DEMI001 در غلظت 107 کنیدی بر میلیلیتر، 67/6 روز محاسبه شد. همچنین، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که غلظت زیرکشندگی 30 درصد از جدایه DEMI001 قارچ M. anisopliae اثر معنیداری در کاهش قدرت تولیدمثل شته داشت. مقادیر rm و λ در تیمار با جدایه DEMI001 به ترتیب برابر 28/0 ماده/ماده/روز و 32/1 ماده/روز بود. نتایج بهدست آمده نشان میدهد که قارچ M. anisopliae میتواند به عنوان عامل مؤثر در کنترل شته مومی کلم استفاده شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شته؛ قارچ بیمارگر حشرات؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Lethal and sublethal effects of Metarhizium anisoplinae on fertility life table parameters of Brevicoryne brassicae in laboratory conditions | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Sanaz Emami1؛ Seyed Ali Safavi2؛ Youbert Gusta2 | ||
1Former M. Sc. student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran | ||
2Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), is a major pest of cruciferous crops all over the world that causes a considerable damage on different products by direct sap feeding and transmission of pathogenic viruses. Use of chemical pesticides is the most common control method of this pest but the adverse effects of these pesticides have shifted considerations to other environmental-friendly agents. In this study, the virulence of two isolates (DEMI001 and V245) of the fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin was investigated against the adults of cabbage aphid in laboratory conditions. Adult aphids were treated with (103-107 conidia/ml) concentrations of fungus. Moreover, life table parameters of aphid were evaluated when treated with sub-lethal (LC30) concentration of the effective isolate, DEMI001. Results showed that the adults of cabbage aphid were completely sensitive to the isolates of fungus. LC50 values was scored 1.5×105 and 2.3×106 conidia/ml respectively for DEMI001 and V245 isolates. The shortest time needed for the mortality of 50% of the population was 6.67 days belonging to DEMI001 isolate at 107 conidia/ml concentration. Moreover, results showed that a sub-lethal (LC30) concentration of DEMI001 isolate, had significant effect on fertility of treated aphids. The values of rm and λ parameters were 0.28 female/female/day and 1.32 female/day, respectively. Our results showed that M. anisopliae can be used as an effective biocontrol agent in cabbage aphid control. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Aphid, biological control, Entomopathogenic fungus | ||
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