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بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقای تعاملات اجتماعی در پارک‌های شهری (مطالعۀ موردی: شهر زابل) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 49، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 901-915 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2017.61741 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صفر قائدرحمتی1؛ منصور رضاعلی* 2؛ سودابه هاشمی زهی3؛ فرهاد جوان4 | ||
| 1استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان | ||
| 4دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پارک‌ها جزئی از نظام کالبدی شهر به‌شمار می‌روند که انسان‌ها همواره با آن در تماس هستند و هدف از طراحی آن‌ها، توجه به نیازهای انسانی، فرهنگی جامعه و نیز جسـتجوی عوامـل ضـروری در ایجـاد پارک‌های مناسب شهری است، درواقع، پارک‌ها پس از خانه مکانی هستند که فرد، بیش‌ترین برخورد و رفت‌وآمد را در سطح آن دارد. فضاهای عمومی عنصر مهمی در شکل‌گیری تعاملات اجتماعی در میان ساکنان آن است؛ بنابراین، در این مطالعه عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقای تعاملات اجتماعی در میان پارک‌های شهرستان زابل بررسی شده است. روش تحقیق، تحلیلی و مبتنیبر مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، اسنادی و میدانی است. همچنین در تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات، از نرم‌افزار SPSS برای تعیین مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در ارتقای تعاملات اجتماعی پارک‌های شهرستان زابل، همچنین برای رتبه‌بندی پارک‌ها از مدل تصمیم‌گیری VIKOVER استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تمامی شاخص‌های مطرح‌شده در پژوهش به جز شاخص ورزش و فعالیت‌های جسمی، در ارتقای تعاملات اجتماعی پارک‌ها در شهرستان زابل مؤثر است. درجۀ تعاملات اجتماعی در پارک‌های مورد مطالعه متفاوت است؛ به‌طوریکه پارک یعقوب الیث با Q 509/0 در رتبۀ اول، پارک ملت با Q به‌دست‌آمده 502/0، پارک معلم با Q 454/0، و پارک الغدیر با Q به‌دست‌آمده 450/0 بهترتیب در رتبه‌های بعدی از لحاظ شاخص‌های تعاملات اجتماعی قرار گرفتند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پارک‌های شهری؛ تعاملات اجتماعی؛ شهر زابل؛ مدل وایکور؛ مشارکت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Components influencing promotion of social interactions in urban parks (Case Study: Zabol City) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Safar Ghaedrahmati1؛ Mansour Rezaali2؛ Sodabe Hashemi Zehi3؛ Farhad Javan4 | ||
| 1Assistant professor of geography and urban planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2PhD student in geography and urban planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3PhD student in geography and urban planning, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran | ||
| 4PhD student in geography and urban planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Urban parks play social, economic, and ecologic role in cities. They have some advantages including treatments of spirit problems, favorable environment for children training, social integrity, and welfare. The environment is also a factor to enhance quality of life space and development of society. Establishment of the urban parks can improve quality of urban life and achieve sustainable development. It can also have a cost for municipalities without return of investment and profit. Hence, use of the urban public spaces should be considered in the studies of daily life of citizens. It is believed that public spaces such as parks are defined as available open places. The citizens have the high traffic in the parks. The public spaces are considered as important elements in forming social interactions among the residents. In Zabol City, located in the border area with Afghanistan as the center of drug dealing, the parks are the best place for leisure time. The parks in the city can be useful in promoting social interactions among the adolescents and adults. In this study, we have investigated the components affecting promotion of social interactions in the parks of Zabol City. Therefore, we have addressed some issues; which components have the highest impacts on the social interaction among all the effective components; which park has the highest rank in promotion of social interaction among all the parks of Zabol City. Methodology This research is conducted in a descriptive analytical method. In analytical stage, the components influencing promotion of social interactions in the parks of Zabol City have been analyzed. The data have been gathered by two methods of library and field studies. In descriptive stage, document information has been gathered from books, journal articles, annuals, maps, and internet. We have used Cochran, as the most effective method to get sample volume, method to determine the volume of sample for selection of samples. Population of this study is residents of Zabol City. According to Cochran, we have selected 384 people as sample. The analysis of the data has been conducted in SPSS. We have also applied VIKOVER decision making model to determine the components affecting the promotion of social interactions in the parks of Zabol City and to make a ranking of the parks. The results of the information have been compared and integrated with those of library analyses. Results and discussion The parks are usually defined as open available spaces for citizens. Urban parks are the places in which people have the highest traffic and interactions. The public spaces are important components to shape social interactions among the residents. To explore the factors affecting the promotion of social interactions in the parks of Zabol City, some indicators have been extracted from the literature and incorporated in questionnaire to ask from the 384 respondents residing the Zabol City. For the analyses of the information SPSS application have been employed to test the hypotheses. To examine the components affecting social interactions, we have used some indices including distance and the access of residents to the parks, creation of social events for sense of belonging to the place, social potentials, promotion of participation opportunities in social life, social trust, social-environmental security, and sports and physical activities. The results have indicated that the index of distance and the access condition of residents to parks has the average of 3.94, creation of social events for sense of belonging to the place has average of 3.59, social potentials has average of 3.46, promotion of participation opportunities in social life has average of 3.09, social trust has the average of 3.08, social-environmental security has average of 3.00, and sports and physical activities has the average of 2.99. In all the indices, the average obtained is higher than median level (3), except for sport and physical activities with average of 2.99. The results have also indicated that all the components are effective on promotion of social interactions in the parks of Zabol City. The results have also indicated that the highest value of Q is belonging to Yaghubleis Park with rank of 0.509. Mellat Park with Q value of 0.502, Moalem Park with Q value of 0.454, and Alghadir Park with Q value of 0.450 are ranged from the highest rank to the lowest rank in the city. Conclusion The results of average values obtained from the respondents have indicated that among the indices of this study, the indices of distance and the access of residents to the parks, creation of social events for sense of belonging to the place, social potentials, promotion of participation opportunities in social life, social trust, social-environmental security, and sports and physical activities have influenced the social interactions in the parks of the Zabol. The results have also demonstrated that all the indices have effects on the social interactions in the parks of the city. The results of this study have also presented a ranking of the parks of the Zabol City based on VIKOVER decision making model using indices affecting promotion of social interactions. The parks of Yaghubleis and Alghadir have the highest and lowest rank among the parks of the city, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| urban parks, VIKOVER model, Social Interactions, Participation, Zabol City | ||
| مراجع | ||
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18. Daneshpur, S. H., and Charkhchian, M., 2008, Public Spaces and Factors Affecting Collective Life, Garden view, Vol. 4, No. 7, PP. 19- 28. (In Persian) 19. Dehkhoda, A., 1999, Diccionario Dehkhoda, Tehran University publicaciones, Tehran. (In Persian) 20. Ghanbaran, A. H. and Jafari, M., 2015, Factors Affecting Promote Social Interaction Among Residents Residential Neighborhood (Case Study: Tehran Darake Neighborhood), Iranian Architectural Association, Vol. 1, No. 7, PP. 57- 64. (In Persian)
22. Kashanijou, Kh., 2011, Recognition of Theoretical Approaches to Urban Public Spaces, Identity of the city, Vol. 4, No. 6, PP. 10- 95. (In Persian) 23. Leng, J., 2005, The Creation of Architectural Theory (the Role of Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design), Translated by Alireza Ynyfr, Tehran University publicaciones, Tehran. (In Persian) 24. Madanipour, A., 2006, The Design of Urban Space (Spatial Reference to the Social Process), Processing and Urban Planning publicaciones, Tehran. (In Persian)
27. Matlabi, M., 2005, Cash on Projects PARKE, Publication green message, No. 36. (In Persian)
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33. Tash Consulting Engineers, 2007, Sistan regional project. (In Persian)
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