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تأثیر بیوچار و تیمارهای زیستی بر غلظت عناصر غذایی (فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، منیزیم، آهن و منگنز) گیاهتاجخروس (Amaranthus) در یک خاک آلوده به ترکیبات نفتی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 48، شماره 2، مرداد 1396، صفحه 369-384 اصل مقاله (631.93 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.62645 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید حبیبی1؛ بابک متشرع زاده* 2؛ حسینعلی علیخانی3 | ||
| 1دانش اموخته دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3استاد دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| وجود ترکیبات نفتی در خاک سبب بروز مشکلات زیست محیطی میگردد، لذا تلاش برای پالایش این اراضی ضروری به نظر میرسد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف بیوچارهای حاصل از پسماند زباله شهری و باکتری تجزیه کننده هیدروکربنهای نفتی بر میزان عناصر غذایی موجود در گیاه تاجخروس صورت پذیرفت. تیمارها شامل نفت خام (در سه سطح: (P0) 0،(P1) 5/2 و(P2) 5 درصد وزنی)، بیوچار حاصل ازکمپوست زباله شهری(Bcm) و زباله تر شهری(BM) (در سه سطح: 0، 1 و 2 درصد وزنی) و باکتری (دو سطح: بدون باکتری(Ba0) و دارای باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس(Ba1)) بود. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش میزان بیوچار، رشد گیاه بیشتر شد و همواره بیشترین میزان صفات رشدی در سطوح دارای بیوچار گزارش گردید. مقادیر وزن خشک شاخساره در تیمارهایی که دارای باکتری سودوموناس فلوروسنس بودند نسبت به سایر تیمارها تفاوت معناداری نشان داد. در مجموع با کاربرد بیوچار و باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس، غلظت عناصر غذایی اندازهگیری شده افزایش یافت و بیشترین غلظت عناصر در بالاترین سطوح بیوچار گزارش شد به طوری که بیشترین غلظت فسفر با میزان 37/0 درصد در تیمار P1B0Ba1 و کمترین مقدار آن با میزان 23/0 درصد در تیمار P2BM2Ba1 مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین غلظت عنصر پتاسیم در تیمار P2BM2Ba1 به میزان 16/5 درصد و کمترین مقدار آن 15/2 درصد در تیمار فاقد عامل زیستی P0BM1Ba0 اندازه گیری و گزارش شد. در سطوح آلودگی یکسان، در تیمارهای حاوی بیوچار، غلظت کلسیم و منیزیم نسبت به شاهد، به میزان بیشتری بود. بیشترین غلظت آهن و منگنز در تیمار P0B0Ba1 با حضور عامل زیستی به ترتیب به میزان 33/1200 و 5/441 میلیگرم برکیلوگرم اندازهگیری شد و کمترین مقادیر آن در تیمار عدم حضور باکتری سودوموناس بود. بر این اساس توصیه میشود برای افزایش بهرهوری پالایش آلودگی، استفاده از مواد آلی و به طور مشخص بیوچار و تیمارهای باکتریایی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیوچار؛ ترکیبات نفتی؛ زیست پالایی؛ سودوموناس فلوروسنس؛ فراهمی عناصر غذایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of biochar and biological treatments on nutrient elements content (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn) of Amaranthus in oil polluted soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid Habibi1؛ Babak motesharezadeh2؛ Hoseinali Alikhani3 | ||
| 1University of Tehran | ||
| 2University of Tehran | ||
| 3University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The presence of petroleum compounds in the soil causes environmental problems. Therefore, attempting to remediate contaminated soils is important. The present study was aimed at studying the effects of (1) different levels of biochar obtained from urban wastes and (2) the bacterium that degrades petroleum hydrocarbons on levels of nutrients in amaranth. The treatments were raw oil (0 , 2.5, and 5%; weight-based), biochar obtained from urban waste compost and fresh urban wastes (0, 1, and 2 %, weight-based), and bacterium (with and without Pseudomonas ). The results showed that with increasing the biochar level, the plant growth was promoted, with the highest values for growth parameters in plants treated with highest level of biochar. The dry and fresh weights of shoots in treatments with Pseudomonas florescence had statistically considerable differences compared to those in the other treatments. Overall, with the application of biochar and Pseudomonas, the levels of nutrients studied increased, and the maximum nutrient level was observed in the plants treated with the highest level of biochar. The highest P level (0.37%) was detected in plants treated with P1B0Ba1, and the lowest (0.23%) in plants treated with P2BM2Ba1. Moreover, the highest K level (5.16%) was recorded in plants treated with P2BM2Ba1, while the lowest (2.15%) was measured in plants treated with P0BM1Ba0 (no biological factor). The highest levels of Ca and Mg were found in treatments with biochar. The highest levels of Fe (1200.33 mg/kg) and Mn (441.5 mg/kg) were found in plants treated with P0B0Ba1, which had the biological factor, while the lowest was recorded in treatments where Pseudomonas florescence was absent. Accordingly, in order to increase the efficiency of soil remediation, it is recommended that organic matters, especially biochar, and bacterial treatments be exploited so that favorable conditions could be provided for plant growth and development. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Oil components, Nutrient element availability, Biochar, bioremediation, pseudomonas fluorescence | ||
| مراجع | ||
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