پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 161 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,477 |
| تعداد مقالات | 70,011 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 122,912,918 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 96,128,450 |
تحلیل موقعیت کنشگران و سرمایه اجتماعی ذینفعان در راستای مدیریت مشارکتی سیستم های اجتماعی- اکولوژیک (منطقه مورد مطالعه: روستای حق الخواجه، شهرستان میامی، استان سمنان) | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 70، شماره 2، مرداد 1396، صفحه 435-448 اصل مقاله (974.68 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2017.214975.1045 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلا عوض پور1؛ مهدی قربانی2؛ رضا عرفانزاده3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای علوم مرتع، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سرمایه اجتماعی تمام الزاماتی را که برای مدیریت مشارکتی ضرورت دارد در خود جای می‌دهد. به همین جهت ارزیابی سرمایه اجتماعی در فعالیتهای مدیریت مشارکتی اجتماع محور حائز اهمیت است. همچنین شناخت و آگاهی از کنشگران کلیدی در سطح جوامع محلی در راستای مدیریت مشارکتی اکوسیستمهای طبیعی یکی از اقدامات ضروری میباشد. این افراد میتوانند به منزلۀ رهبران محلی و قدرتهای اجتماعی در ساماندهی مدیریت مشارکتی اکوسیتمهای طبیعی به عنوان بازوهای اجرایی باشند. در این تحقیق سعی شده است از طریق روش تحلیل شبکه و شاخصهای سطح کلان و خرد شبکه بهرهبرداران مرتع سامان عرفی حقالخواجه در شهرستان میامی استان سمنان، میزان سرمایه اجتماعی شبکه سنجش و همچنین قدرتهای اجتماعی و رهبران محلی مؤثر در مدیریت مشارکتی مرتع مشخص شوند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که میزان سرمایۀ اجتماعی در بین بهرهبرداران در پیوند اعتماد متوسط و در پیوند مشارکت در حد ضعیف است. پایداری روابط و تعادل شبکه نیز ضعیف و پیوندهای اعتماد و مشارکت در بین افراد در حد مطلوبی نهادینه نشده است. همچنین سرعت پایین گردش پیوند اعتماد و مشارکت و عدم اتحاد در بین بهرهبرداران از دیگر چالش‌های مهم در ساماندهی مدیریت مشارکتی مرتع در این منطقه است. همچنین بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، کنشگران Gh-Gh و Es-Sa قدرت کلیدی در بین بهرهبرداران مرتع روستای حقالخواجه شناخته شدند. این افراد به دلیل اقتدار و نفوذ اجتماعی بالا میتوانند نقش مهمی در مدیریت مشارکتی مرتع ایفا کنند و میتوان از آنها به منزلۀ پلهای ارتباطی بین نهادهای دولتی و سایر بهرهبرداران در توسعه پایدار روستایی استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سرمایه اجتماعی؛ کنشگران کلیدی؛ سیستم‌های اجتماعی- اکولوژیک؛ روستای حقالخواجه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Depositions Analysis of Actors and Social Capital for Co_ Management of Socio_Ecologic Systems (Study Area: Hagholkhaje Village, Mayamey District, Semnan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| leila avazpour1؛ mahdi ghorbani2؛ reza erfanzadeh3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Social capital is the prerequisite of co_management. Evaluation of social capital for achieving community-based management is therefore of capital importance. Detection of key actors in local communities for co_management of natural eco_systems is as well quite important. These people are generally regarded as local leaders and they have the potential to play a key role in co_management. Social Network Analysis method was applied and macro level and micro level indexes of rangeland users’ network in traditional boundary of Hagh-ol-Khaje in Mayamey District were analyzed as a way for measuring the social capital and recognizing influencial local leaders. It was found out that the level of social capital of beneficiaries based on trust tie was moderate and based on collaboration tie it was low. Sustainability of ties and network balance were as well weak and trust and collaboration ties were not optimally established. Low speed of exchange in trust and collaboration ties and lack of unity among beneficiaries are other important challenges in rangeland co_management. Gh_Gh and Es_Sa were recognized as the corest actors among Hagholkhaje rangeland users. These people can play important role in co_managements because of their authority and social influence and they can act as gatekeepers connecting governmental institutions and other users for sustainable rural development. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Social capital, Key actors, Socio- Ecologi Systems, Hagholkhaje Village | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] Adams, W.M., Aveling, R., Brockington, D., Dickson, B., Elliott, J., Hutton, J., Roe, D., Vira, B.and Wolmer, W. (2004). Biodiversity conservation and the eradication of poverty, Science, (5699): 1146-1149.
[2] Badripur, H, (2011). Necessary centrality of man in the Comprehensive Plan or Comprehensive Plan Natural Resources Watershed, Eighth National Conference on Science and Watershed Engineering. (In Persian).
[3] Ballet, J., Sirven, N. and Requiers-Desjardins, M, (2007). Social Capital and Natural Resource Management, TheJournal of Environment & Development, (4): 355-374.
[4] Bodin, O. and Prell, C, (2011). Social network in natural resources management. Cambridge University Press. 560p.
[5] Bodin, Ö. And Crona, B, (2009). The role of social networks in natural resource governance: What relational patterns make a difference?, Journal of Global Environmental Change, (19): 366-374.
[6] Bodin, Ö., Crona, B. and Ernstson, H, (2006). Social networks in natural resource management – What’s there to learn from a structural perspective?, Ecology & Society, (2): 2.
[7] Brechin, S.R., Wilshusen, P.R., Fortwangler, C.L, and West, P.C, (2002). Beyond the square wheel: toward a more comprehensive understanding of biodiversity conservation as social and political process, Society & Natural Resources, (1): 41-64.
[8] Buckle, P, (2000). “New Approaches to Assessing Vulnerability and Resilience”, Australian Journal of Emergency Management. Victoria:EmergencyManagementAustralia , (2).8-14.
[9] Coleman, J, (1990). “Foundations of social theory”. Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press. 527p.
[10] Davis, J., Kang, A., Vincent, J, (2001). How important is Improved Water Infrastructureto Microenterprises? Evidence from Uganda, Journal ofWorld Developed, (10): 1753-1767.
[11] Davenport, M. A., Leahy, J. E., Anderson, D. H., Jakes. P. J., 2007. “Building trust in natural resource management within local communities”: a case study of the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. Environmental Management.(3):353- 368.
[12] Ebrahimi Azarkharan, F., Ghorbani, M., Salajegheh, A., Mohseni Saravi, M., 2014. Social Network Analysis of Local Stakeholders in Action Plan for Water Resources Co-Management (Case study: Jajrood River in Latian watershed, Darbandsar village). Iran- Watershed management science Engineering. (25): 47-56. (In Persian). [13] Ghorbani, M., 2012. The role of social networks in operation mechanisms of Rangeland (Case Study: Taleghan area), Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 430 P. [14] Ghorbani, M., 2014. The report of national project: Social network analysis; modeling, policy-making and implementation of natural resources co-management (Vol. 1), University of Tehran.
[15] Ghorbani, M., 2015. Iranian Pattern of Collaboration and Environment of Local Communities With the approach of Social Network ,Department of Natural Resources, University of Tehran.
[16] Ghorbani, M., Azarnivand, H., Mehrabi, A. A., Bastani, S., .Jafari, M., Nayebi, H., 2013. A new approach in policy-making and planning collaboration management of natural resources, Journal of Range and Watershed. 65(4): 553-568. (In Persian).
[17] Hanneman, R.A., Riddle, M., 2005. Introduction to social network methods, University of California Riverside, California.
[18] Hanneman, R.A., 2001. Introduction to Social Network Methods, California: University of California, Riverside, 149 p.
[19] Hogan, B., 2007. Analyzing Social Networks via Internet, The Sage Publication, London.
[20] Jatel, N., 2013. Using social network analysis to make invisible human actor water governance networks visible the case of the Okanagan vallay. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts in the college of graduate studies (Interdisciplinary Studies) the University of British Columbia. [21] Klenk, N.L., Hickey, G.M., MacLellan, J.I., Gonzales, R. and Cardille, J., 2009. Social network analysis: a useful tool for visualizing and evaluating forestry research, International Forestry Review, (1): 134-140.
[22] Leahy, E., Anderson, H., 2008. Trust Factors in Community–water ResourcesManagement AgencyRelationships, Journal of Landscape and UrbanPlanning, (2): 100–107.
[23] Lienert, J., Schnetzer, F., Ingold, K., 2013. Stakeholder analysis combined with social network analysis provides fine-grained insights into water infrastructure planning processes. Journal of Environmental Management, (125): 134- 148. [24] Mahmoudian, H., 1990. Investigation of rate and causes of villagers cooperation in plans, MS thesis, Tarbiat Modarres University.
[25] Mirzaee, Kh., 2010. Introduction to Social Networks, Jame’e Shenasan publishing, Tehran. (In Persian). [26] Moosavi, M.T., 2014. Introduction to social participation, publications of Tehran, sociologists. 203P. (In Persian). [27] Newig, J., Günther, D., Pahl-Wostl., C., 2010. Synapses in the network: learning in governance networks in the context of environmental management, Ecology and Society, 15(4): 24.
[28] Ostrom, E., 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action: Cambridge University Press.
[29] Plickert, G., Cˆot´e, R.R., Wellman, B., 2007. It’s not who you know, it’s how you know them: Who exchanges what with whom? Social Networks, (3): 405-429.
[30] Prell, C., Hubacek, K., Quinn, C., Reed, M., 2008. Who's in the Network? When Stakeholders influence Data Analysis, Syst Pract Action Res, (21): 443-458.
[31] Putnam, R. D., 2000. Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. rJournal of Simon and Schuste, 544p.
[32] Salari, F., 2014. Modeling and Analysis of watershed network in resin watershed in Kermanshah (Master's thesis). Department of Natural Resources, University of Tehran.
[33] Shafi'i, M., Abdolhosseinin, M., Yari, A.S., Karegar, A.S., Pouyafar, A.D., 2013. Participatory management of natural resources and rural development planning, Shoara publications,, Mashhad.
[34] Scholl, A., Kai, S., 2014, Where Could We Stand if I had…? How Social Power Impacts Counterfactual Thinking after Failure, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, (5): 51–61.
[35] Smith J. M., Halgin D.S., Kidwell-Lopez V., Labianca G., Brass D. J., Borgatti S. P., 2014. Power in Politically Charged Networks. Social Networks, )36(: 162-176.
[36] Udry, C., Conley, T., 2004. Social networks in Ghana, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Mortal and Social Dimensions of Microeconomic Behavior in Poor Communities.
[37] Vignola, R., McDaniels, T,L., Scholz, R,W., 2013. Governance structures for ecosystem-based adaptation: Using policy network analysis to identify key organizations for bridging information across scales and policy areas. Enviromental sciens & policy, )31(:71-84.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 719 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 531 |
||