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مدلهای غالبیت تنوع به عنوان شاخصی از آشفتگی در جنگلهای بلوط غرب ایران (Quercus brantii Lindl.) | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| مقاله 17، دوره 70، شماره 2، مرداد 1396، صفحه 453-465 اصل مقاله (782.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.42580.616 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید رضا میرداودی* 1؛ محمد رضا مروی مهاجر2؛ قوام الدین زاهدی امیری3؛ وحید اعتماد3 | ||
| 1استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی | ||
| 2استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ترکیب و تنوع گونهای جوامع گیاهی در طول زمان با تغییر شرایط محیطی در اثر آشفتگیهای انسانی یا طبیعی، تغییر میکند. بنابراین اندازهگیری تنوع گونهای میتواند در تجزیه و تحلیل آشفتگی و مدیریت بوم سازگان مفید باشد. لذا در این تحقیق تأثیر عوامل آشفتگی شامل "چرای دام" و "آتش‌سوزی" بر پوشش گیاهی جنگلهای دانه زاد بلوط پارک دالاب، در استان ایلام، در مقایسه با مناطق کمتر دست خورده، بررسی گردید. اطلاعات مربوط به پوشش گیاهی، خاک و سایر متغییرهای محیطی در آشفتگیهای مختلف در قالب 77 قطعه نمونۀ مستطیلی شکل به مساحت 256 متر مربع و به صورت تصادفی برداشت شد. برای ارزیابی تنوع گونهای از مدلهای غالبیت تنوع استفاده گردید. نتایج رستهبندی تحلیل تطبیقی متعارفی نشان داد که طبقات آشفتگی "چرای دام" و "آتش‌سوزی" در کنار عوامل خاکی و توپوگرافی به عنوان تأثیر گذارترین عوامل بر ترکیب گیاهی شناخته شدند. نتایج حاصل از الگوهای فراوانی گونه‌های گیاهی نشان داد که طبقات آشفتگی چرای بی‌رویه دام در ابتدا با مدل هندسی تطابق یافته است به طوری که یک حرکت از این مدل به سمت لوگ نرمال مشاهده می‌شود و این فرض را که جوامع تحت تأثیر آشفتگی، یک تغییر از وضعیتی با تخریب کمتر به سوی شرایطی با تخریب بیشتر که تحت تأثیر آشفتگیهای شدید طبیعی و انسانی به وجود آمده را حمایت میکند. تطابق طبقۀ آشفتگی آتش‌سوزی با سری لگاریتمی نیز بیانکنندۀ نابالغ بودن این جوامع است که این موضوع با توجه به شروع توالی ثانویه در این قسمت، منطقی بوده و این فرضیه را تأیید می‌نماید. در صورتی که رویشگاه فاقد آشفتگی فقط با مدل لوگ نرمال تطابق داشت. این مدل نشانگر جوامع بالغ با غنا و تنوع گونهای بالا می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش‌سوزی؛ تنوع گونهای؛ چرای دام؛ رسته بندی؛ زاگرس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Species-abundance models as an indicator of disturbance in west oak woodland (Quercus brantii Lind.) of Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamidreza Mirdavoodi1؛ Mohamadreza Marvie Mohadjer2؛ Ghavamedin Zahedi Amiri3؛ Vahid Etemad3 | ||
| 1Department of Natural Resources, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center, AREEO, Postal Code: 3818893811, Arak, Iran, Corresponding author, E-mail: hmirdavoodi@yahoo.com | ||
| 2Professor/ Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| 3Associate Professor/ Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Changing environmental conditions, reactions of biotic factors and invasion of invasive species due to anthropogenic or natural disturbances, will change composition and diversity of plant communities over time. Therefore, the measurement of species diversity can be useful in the analysis of disturbance and ecosystem management. Effects of disturbance regimes including "grazing", "fire" and "no disturbance" in Daalaab Park were studied on oak communities. Information of vegetation, soil and other environmental variables were collected from 77 sample plots (256 m2) using the random sampling method in various disturbances classes. Species-abundance models were applied to assess diversity. Results of canonical correspondence analysis showed that "Grazing" and "fire" with the soil and topographic factors were identified as the most influential factors on plant composition. The results of species distribution models were showed that grazing disturbance class was fitted with the geometric model. A trend of this model to the Lognormal was observed. This result supported this assumption that communities affected by disturbance, have a change from a state with less destruction to the status with high destruction that most severely affected by natural and human disturbances. Matching of fire disturbance class with log series, was represented the immaturity of these communities that due to the onset of secondary succession in this class, it is logical and consistent this theory. If that, without disturbance class was matched with the log normal model. This model reflects the mature communities with high richness and diversity. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Diversity, Fire, Grazing, Zagros | ||
| مراجع | ||
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