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اثر پوزولانهای طبیعی و فشردگی خاک در کنترل فرسایش مارنها با استفاده از شبیه‌ساز باران صحرایی (مطالعۀ موردی: منطقۀ اسلامقلعه، خراسان رضوی) | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 70، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 619-632 اصل مقاله (907.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2017.206591.1007 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی بشیری* 1؛ سیده مائده کاوسی داودی2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، خراسان رضوی، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرسایش خاک بر سلامت آبخیزها اثر گذاشته و پیامدهای منفی متعددی بهدنبال دارد. مارن از سنگهای حساس به فرسایش است که به دلیل ویژگیهای فیزیکوشیمیایی خاص، استقرار پوشش در آنمشکل و لذا نیازمند مدیریت است. یکی از روشهای بهسازی خاک، فشردگی دینامیکی است که با دستگاههایی مانند غلتکها اعمال میشود. افزودن پوزولان نیز جهت تغییر خصوصیات فیزیکی و مکانیکی خاک، از دیگر روشهای اصلاحی است،چرا که پوزولانها، در حضور آب به صورت مواد پایدار غیرحلال، از خود خاصیت گیرشی بروز میدهند. لذا در این پژوهش تلاش گردید تا نقش میزان فشردگی خاک (با غلتک استوانهای صاف به وزنهای 0، 20، 25، 30 و 35 کیلوگرم) و افزودن پوزولانهای طبیعی (به میزان 0، 50، 100، 150 و 200 گرم در مترمربع) از نوع پومیس تفتان بر تثبیت مارنها در منطقۀ اسلامقلعه خراسان رضوی ارزیابی شود. طرح آزمایشی در قالب فاکتوریل با سه تکرار و مجموعاً 75 پلات صحرایی 30 در30 سانتیمتری تحت بارشی 10 دقیقهای با شدت 8/0 میلیمتر در دقیقه و در شیب ۵/۱۵ درجه اجرا شد. نتایج تحلیل آماری در سطح اعتماد 95 درصد نشان داد که با در نظر گرفتن توأم سه متغیر رواناب، تولید و غلظت رسوب، اثرات اصلی تیمارهای فشردگی خاک و پوزولان معنادار (000/0sig.=) و اثر ترکیبی آنها غیرمعنادار (780/0sig.=) است. تیمار فشردگی خاک اثر معنیدار (000/0sig.=) و افزایشی بر تولید رواناب و رسوب دارد، اما اثر تیمار پوزولان بر رسوب کاهشی و معنیدار (000/0sig.=) بوده و بر رواناب اثر معنیداری ندارد (709/0sig.=). همچنین اثر ترکیبی دو تیمار بر متغیرهای رواناب، تولید و غلظت رسوب، غیرمعنیدار به دست آمد. لذا فشردگی خاک به دلیل تخریب سله سطحی و ساختمان مارنها مناسب نبوده اما با توجه به بهای پایین و در دسترس بودن پوزولانهای طبیعی، برای عملیات تثبیت مارنها به عنوان گزینهای اقتصادی و مناسب پیشنهاد میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تثبیت مارن؛ رسوب‌زایی؛ شبیه‌ساز باران؛ فرسایش خاک؛ خراسان رضوی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effects of natural pozzolans and soil compaction on marls erosion control using field rainfall simulator (Case study: Islam-Qaleh region, Razavi-Khorasan) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mehdi bashiri1؛ Seyede Maedeh Kavousi Davoudi2 | ||
| 1university | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The soil erosion affects watershed health and lead to different negative consequences.Marl is an erosion sensitive rock that due to its special physicochemical characteristics,establishment of vegetation on it is difficult,so,it needs to management.One of the soil improvement methods is dynamic compaction,which applies using devices such as rollers.Also,adding pozzolan is another method for soil improvement to modify its physical and mechanical properties.Because the pozzolan in the presence of water,show adhesive properties in a stable and non-solvent form.Therefore,this study tried to evaluate the roles of soil compaction(using rollers having weights of 0,20,25,30and35Kgs)and adding natural pozzolan(in values of 0,50,100,150and200g/m2)in the taftan-pumice type on marl stabilization in Islam-Qaleh region of Razavi-Khorasan.A factorial experimental design done with3replications and totally75field plots with an area equal to30*30centimeters exposed to a rainfall with a10minutes duration and0/8Mm per minute intensity with a slope of15/5°.The results of statistical analysis in the95%confidence level showed that considering runoff,sediment load and sediment concentration variables together,the main effects of soil compaction and pozzolan treatments are significant(sig.=0/000)but their interaction effect isn’t significant(sig.=0/780).Soil compaction treatment has an increasing and significant effect(sig.=0/000)on runoff and sediment production. But the pozzolan treatment showed decreasing and significant effect (sig.=0/000) on sediment and no significant effect (sig.=0/709) on runoff. Also, the interaction effect of 2 treatments on runoff and sediment was not significant. Therefore, the soil compaction due to degradation of surface sealing and marls structure is not suitable, but according to low price and availability of natural pozzolan, for marls stabilization operations, is suggested as an economic and appropriate option. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Marl Stabilization, sedimentation, Rainfall simulator, Soil erosion, Razavi-Khorasan | ||
| مراجع | ||
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