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تجارت آب مجازی و کاربرد آن در حوزۀ آبخیز (مطالعۀ موردی: حوزۀ آبخیز برآفتاب حاجیآباد و پایاب رودان، استان هرمزگان) | ||
نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 70، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 647-660 اصل مقاله (976.65 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2017.210447.1030 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
شهلا دهقان پیر1؛ ام البنین بذرافشان* 2؛ ارشک حلی ساز2 | ||
1دانشآموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس. | ||
2استادیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابعطبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس. | ||
چکیده | ||
مشکل افت آبهای زیرزمینی و کمبود آب در اغلب دشتهای استان هرمزگان امری اجتنابناپذیر است که در اثر استفادۀ بیرویه و عدم مدیریت مناسب در جهت عرضه و تقاضای آب در بخش کشاورزی رخ داده است. در تحقیق حاضر به محاسبۀ بیلان آب مجازی در بخش کشاورزی (صادرات و واردات آب مجازی) و ارزش آن در دو حوزۀ آبخیز با دو اقلیم متفاوت در شمال (حوزۀ آبخیز برآفتاب حاجیآباد) و شرق (حوزۀ آبخیز پایاب رودان) استان هرمزگان پرداخته شده است. نتایج نشان داد حوزۀ آبخیز شمالی استان هرمزگان بهعنوان صادرکنندۀ آب مجازی است که عمدۀ حجم آب مجازی مربوط به محصول گندم و نخیلات به ترتیب به 14 و 18/0میلیون مترمکعب و حوزۀ آبخیز شرقی استان مربوط به نخیلات (8/0میلیون مترمکعب) و مرکبات (6/0میلیون مترمکعب) است و حجم عمدۀ واردات آب مجازی مربوط به گندم و برنج است. همچنین طبق نتایج بهدست آمده، حوزۀ آبخیز برآفتاب حاجیآباد بهعنوان صادرکنندۀ آب مجازی و حوزۀ آبخیز پایاب رودان بهعنوان وارد کنندۀ آب مجازی است، بهطوریکه تراز تجارت آب مجازی در دو حوضه بهترتیب 94/11- و 83/17 میلیون مترمکعب و به ترتیب 64 و 67 درصد منابع آب شیرین موجود در دو حوزۀ آبخیز پایاب رودان و برآفتاب حاجیآباد صرف تولید محصولات کشاورزی شده و شاخص خودکفایی آب مجازی، بهترتیب 86 و 81 درصد و میزان شاخص کم آبی حدود 66 و 69 درصد برآورد شد که حاکی از کمبود شدید منابع آب در دو حوزۀ آبخیز است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آب مجازی؛ صادرات و واردات آب؛ شاخص شدت مصرف؛ شاخص خودکفایی؛ استان هرمزگان | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Virtual Water Trade and Use in Watershed: (Case study: Baraftab-E Hajiabad and Payab- E Rudan watersheds, Hormozgan Province) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
shahla dehghan pir1؛ omonabin bazrafshan2؛ arashk hlizadeh2 | ||
1u | ||
2u | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Ground water depletion and water shortage are two problems in Hormozgan province which have occurred due to the irregular use and inappropriate management of demand and supply of water in agricultural sector. This research explored the balance of agriculture virtual water trade (imports and exports of virtual water) and its value in two catchments with different climate in north (Baraftab catchment in Hajiabad) and east (Payab-E Roodan catchment) of Hormozgan province. Based on the results, most of the volume of virtual water in northern catchment is related to wheat and Palm fruit with the amounts of 14 and 0.18 million cubic meters, respectively. Most of the volume of virtual water in the eastern catchment of province is related to Palm fruit (0.8 million cubic meters) and citrus (0.6 million cubic meters) and most of the volume of imported virtual water is related to wheat and rice. Also, Baraftab and Payab catchments are the exporter and importer of virtual water, respectively so that the amount of the balance of trade of virtual water in two mentioned catchments are -11.94 and 17.83, respectively. 64% and 67 % of fresh water in two Baraftab and Payab catchments is consumed to produce the agricultural products. The amount of water self-sufficiency index of virtual water is 86% and 81% and the amount of water shortage index is 66% and 69% in Baraftab and Payab catchments, respectively. These results reveal the severe water shortage in these two catchments. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Virtual water, Export and Import Water, Water use intensity, Water self-sufficiency, Hormozgan Province | ||
مراجع | ||
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