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تأثیر روشهای مختلف خاکورزی و مدیریت بقایای گیاهی بر برخی از ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در زراعت گندم | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 14، دوره 48، شماره 4، آذر 1396، صفحه 841-851 اصل مقاله (543.83 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.129633.667274 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حمید عباس دخت* 1؛ ابوالفضل فلاح هروی2؛ احمد زارع فیض آبادی3؛ احمد غلامی4 | ||
1دانشکده کشاورزی شاهرود | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه شاهرود | ||
3مرکز تحقیقات مشهد | ||
4دانشگاه شاهرود | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور مطالعه تأثیر خاکورزی حفاظتی و خاکورزی متداول با مدیریت بقایا بر برخی از ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در زراعت گندم، آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل الف) شیوههای خاکورزی در سه سطح (خاکورزی متداول، حداقل شخم، بدون شخم) و ب) مدیریت بقایا در سه سطح (0، 30 و 60% بقایا) بودند. نتایج نشان داد کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی، دمای خاک، ظرفیت نگهداری آب خاک و تخلخل در انواع روشهای خاکورزی اختلاف معنیداری را از لحاظ آماری در سطح 01/0 نشان دادند. بیشترین کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی (88/72)، ظرفیت نگهداری آب خاک (59/21 درصد)، تخلخل (09/62 درصد) در بدون شخم بود. در میزان مختلف بقایا نیز کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی و مقاومت به نفوذ از نظر آماری در سطح 01/0، ظرفیت نگهداری آب خاک و تخلخل در سطح 05/0 تفاوت معنیداری داشتند. بالاترین عملکرد دانه در بدون شخم (2/6912 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و در بقایای 60 درصد (8/6980 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بهدست آمد. آزمایش نشان داد خاکورزی حفاظتی همراه با حفظ بقایای بیشتر روی سطح خاک موجب بهبود برخی از ویژگیهای فیزیکی-شیمیایی خاک و احیاء آن میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کلونیزاسیون مایکوریزایی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ بدون شخم؛ درجه حرارت خاک؛ نفوذ پذیری خاک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of conventional and conservation tillage with management residue on some of Soil physicochemical properties in wheat. | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Hamid Abasdokht1؛ Abolfazl Falah heravi2؛ Ahmad Zare FeizAbadi3؛ Ahamad Gholami4 | ||
1University of Shahrood | ||
2University of Shahrood | ||
3Research Institute of Mashhad | ||
4University of Shahrood | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to study the effect of conventional and conservation tillage with management residue on wheat physiological properties ,a field experiment was conducted in 2013-2014 at Mashhad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research center of Razavi Khorasan province. This experiment was arranged in a split plot design based on randomized complete block with three replications. Main plots were tillage systems: 1) conventional tillage, 2) reduced tillage and 3) no tillage; subplots were management residue: 1) 0%, 2) 30% and 3) 60% residue. The results showed that tillage systems had significant effect on Mycorrhizal colonization(spore), soil temperature, Water-holding capacity of the soil, porosity. The highest Mycorrhizal colonization (spore)(72.88), Water-holding capacity of the soil (21.59%), porosity (62.09%), were obtained from no-till method. Residue management were significantly different effect on Mycorrhizal colonization(spore), soil temperature, Water-holding capacity of the soil, resistance to penetration, porosity. The highest grain yields were obtained under no-till (6912.2 kg/ha) and 60% residue treatment (6980.8 kg/ha). It is concluded that conservation tillage with more residue aboveground could improve wheat yield and some of soil physicochemical properties | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Mycorrhizal colonization(spore), Grain yield, no-tillage, Soil temperature, Resistance to penetration | ||
مراجع | ||
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