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ارزیابی اثرات هیدرولوژیکی بهرهبرداری تک گزینی جنگل بر رواناب سطحی و رسوب (مطالعۀ موردی: جنگل خیرود) | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 70، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 481-491 اصل مقاله (666.68 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.218576.1264 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم اتحادی ابری* 1؛ باریس مجنونیان2؛ آرش ملکیان3؛ مقداد جورغلامی4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2استاد گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
3دانشیار گروه مهندسی احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
4دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
کاهش پوشش جنگلی و گیاهی در اثر بهرهبرداری، عمدتاً باعث افزایش حجم رواناب سطحی میشود. یکی از روشهای بهرهبرداری جنگل، در شمال ایران به شیوۀ گزینشی است. این تحقیق در بخش گرازبن جنگل آموزشی و پژوهشی خیرود، با هدف تعیین تأثیرات بهرهبرداری گزینشی بر حجم رواناب سطحی، ضریب رواناب و غلظت رسوب، انجام شده است. بر این اساس پلاتهای دو متر مربعی و در قالب چهار تکرار در دو منطقأ شاهد (بدون بهرهبرداری) و منطقۀ بهرهبرداری شده به روش تک گزینی در دو کلاسه شیب 0-20 % و 20-40 % ایجاد شد و بارندگیهای طبیعی به وقوع پیوسته از آذر 1393 تا آذر 1394، برای تعیین میزان رواناب سطحی و میزان رسوب، اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج تحقیق بیانگر عدم تأثیر معنیدار (05/0Pvalue≥)، تغییر پوشش تاجی و علفی در اثر بهرهبرداری و شیب، بر میزان رواناب سطحی و رسوب است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد تغییر فصل، تنها بر میزان رسوب معنیدار بوده است. میزان رواناب، ضریب رواناب و غلظت رسوب در منطقۀ بهرهبرداری شده به روش تک گزینی، به ترتیب 4/1، 3/2 و 16/1 برابر بیشتر از منطقۀ شاهد (بدون بهرهبرداری) بوده است. همچنین نتایج تجزیۀ واریانس رگرسیونی نشان داد که بین میزان بارندگی و میزان رواناب، ارتباط معناداری (05/0Pvalue≤) وجود دارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بهرهبرداری تکگزینی؛ جنگل خیرود؛ ضریب رواناب؛ حجم رواناب؛ غلظت رسوب | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Hydrological Effects of Forest selective harvesting on runoff and sediment yields (case study: Kheyrud Forest) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
a a1؛ a a2؛ q q3؛ q q4 | ||
1a | ||
2a | ||
3q | ||
4q | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Reduction of vegetative cover by forest harvesting generally increases the average surface runoff volume and sediment yield for a given area of land. Forest harvesting in northern forests of Iran is managed using a selective harvesting and logging system. Towards this attempt, the present study has been conducted to investigate the effect of forest harvesting on hydrological components in plot scale (2m*1m) with four replicates in tow slope scale (0-20%, 20-40%) in the northern forests of Iran during December 2014, December 2015. The rain depth was measured by using a rain gauge installed in the study area. The runoff volume and coefficient and sediment yield were also measured through field data collection and lab analyses by weighting and decantation methods. The results of the study showed that there was no significant effects of forest harvesting (P<0.05) on runoff volume and sediment yield and there was significant effects of seasons change (P<0.05) on sediment yield. So that, the ratios of runoff and runoff coefficient, and sediment concentration in harvested area was respectively found some 1/4, 2/3 and 1/16 times of those recorded for control forest area. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
forest selective harvesting, Kheyrud forest, Runoff coefficient, Runoff, Sediment yield | ||
مراجع | ||
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