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طراحی و ساخت شبیه ساز باران قابل حمل | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 19، دوره 5، شماره 1، فروردین 1397، صفحه 229-239 اصل مقاله (789.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2018.239387.695 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سهیلا آقابیگی امین* 1؛ محمود عرب‌خدری2 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه منابع طبیعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه | ||
| 2دانشیار، پژوهشکدۀ حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شبیهسازی باران یکی از روشهای مهم برای اندازهگیری فرایندهای هیدرولوژیکی و فرسایش خاک است. ارزیابی سریع و قابلیت تکرار زیاد از مزایای استفاده از شبیهساز باران است. شبیهساز ساخته‌شده به وزن تقریبی 20 کیلوگرم قابلیت شبیهسازی باران با شدتهای 8/2 تا 5/9 سانتیمتر بر ساعت در سطح کرت آزمایشی با مساحت یک تا سه مترمربع را دارد. اندازهگیری قطر قطرات از روشهای گلولۀ آردی و لکۀ رنگی بهدست آمد. روش گلولۀ آردی به‌دلیل بیشتربودن ضریب تبیین انتخاب و نتایج آن بررسی شد. بیشترین ضریب یکنواختی (6/96 درصد) مربوط به شدت 3/8 سانتیمتر بر ساعت و کمترین ضریب (6/90 درصد) مربوط به شدت 5/9 سانتیمتر بر ساعت بهدست آمد که بیشتر از حد قابل قبول است. دامنۀ قطر متوسط قطرات از 97/0 میلیمتر در شدت 8/2 سانتیمتر بر ساعت تا 22/1 میلیمتر در 1/7 سانتیمتر بر ساعت تغییر میکند که در محدودۀ بارانهای طبیعی قرار دارد. همچنین، دامنۀ تغییرات سرعت از 58/3 تا 21/4 متر بر ثانیه است. با توجه به مجموعه ویژگیهای یادشده یک شبیهساز باران قابل حمل بسیار مناسب با دقت قابل قبول برای مطالعات رواناب، نفوذپذیری، فرسایش و رسوب در صحرا ساخته شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| روش گلولۀ آردی؛ سرعت و انرژی جنبشی باران؛ ضریب یکنواختی کریستیان‌سن؛ نازل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Designing and construction of a portable rainfall simulator | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Soheila Aghabeigi Amin1؛ Mahmood Arabkhedri2 | ||
| 2Water & Soil Conservation Dep., SCWMRI | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rain simulation is one of the important methods for measuring hydrological and soil erosion processes. Rapid evaluation and high repeatability capabilities are the advantages of using the rainfall simulator. The weight of constructed simulator is approximately 20 kg, can simulate rainfall at 28 to 95 mm / h intensity on the plot area of one up to three square meters. The droplet diameter was measured using flour pellet method and stain method. Flour pellet method was selected due to higher determination factor, and then its results were applied to continue the study. The highest uniformity coefficient (96.6%) was obtained at the intensity of 8.3 cm/h and the lowest coefficient (90.6%) was obtained at 9.5 cm/h intensity, which is higher than the acceptable level. The average diameter of the droplets is from 0.97 mm at intensity of 2.8 cm/h to 1.22 mm at 7.1 cm/ h, which lies within the range of natural precipitation. Also, the range of velocity variations is from 3.58 to 4.21 m/s. According to the mentioned specifications, a suitable portable rainfall simulator was designed with acceptable accuracy for runoff, permeability, erosion and sedimentation studies in field. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Velocity and kinetic energy of rainfall, Christiansen uniformity coefficient, Flour pellet method, Nozzle | ||
| مراجع | ||
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