پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,764 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,158,672 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,915,546 |
بررسی اثرات بیوچار و بقایای گیاهی پوستة برنج بر رشد و ترکیبات شیمیایی گیاه لوبیا در یک خاک آهکی آلوده به لجن فاضلاب | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 70، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 869-880 اصل مقاله (1019.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.224190.1305 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا زیبایی1؛ رضا قاسمی فسائی* 2؛ پویا استوار1 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هرچند استفاده از لجن فاضلاب به عنوان یک منبع ارزان قیمت و سرشار از مواد آلی و عناصر غذایی، تأثیر مثبتی بر رشد گیاه دارد اما تجمع برخی فلزات سنگین در نتیجة کاربرد آن، استفاده از این ماده را در کشاورزی محدود می‌کند. مطالعة حاضر در قالب یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×4×3 کاملاً تصادفی با فاکتور لجن فاضلاب در سه سطح (0، 50 و 100 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک)، چهار تیمار (شاهد، بیوچار، بقایای گیاهی و بیوچار + بقایای گیاهی) و سه تکرار بهکار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد لجن فاضلاب تأثیر مثبت و معنیدار (6/12 درصد) بر وزن خشک محصول لوبیا داشته است. استفاده از این ماده همچنین غلظت و جذب کل عناصر روی، مس، آهن و منگنز )اندازه‌گیری شده بهوسیلة دستگاه جذب اتمی( را در گیاه افزایش داد که نشان‌دهندة امکان استفاده از این مادة آلی در تأمین عناصر کم مصرف کاتیونی برای گیاه است. افزودن مخلوط بیوچار و بقایای گیاهی پوستة برنج به خاک تیمار شده با لجن فاضلاب، بر رشد گیاه لوبیا تأثیر مثبت و معنیدار داشت، به گونه‌ای که بیشینة وزن خشک این گیاه در بر همکنشی تیمار بیوچار + بقایای گیاهی و لجن فاضلاب در سطح کاربرد 100 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک بهدست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد رشدی معادل 4/40 درصد را نشان داد. به طورکلی کاربرد بیوچار و بقایای پوستة برنج سبب کاهش معنیدار میانگین غلظت روی و منگنز در اندام هوایی گیاه لوبیا نسبت به شاهد گردید اما افزودن بقایای پوستة برنج و مخلوط بیوچار + بقایا به خاک تیمار شده با لجن فاضلاب، افزایش معنیدار غلظت مس را در اندام هوایی گیاه در پی داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| لجن فاضلاب؛ بیوچار پوستة برنج؛ بقایای گیاهی؛ لوبیا؛ عناصر کم‌مصرف | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of rice husk biochar and residues on growth and chemical composition of bean in a sewage sludge treated calcareous soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| j j1؛ l l2؛ b b1 | ||
| 1j | ||
| 2l | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Although sewage sludge as a cheap source with a high content of both organic matter and nutrients has a positive effect on plant growth, the accumulation of some heavy metals following its application, limits the use of this material in agriculture. In present study, an experiment was designed according to a completely randomized factorial design experiment. Treatments consisted of three levels of sewage sludge (0, 50 and 100 g Kg-1), four level of biochar/residue (control, biochar, crop residues and biochar + crop residues) with three replications. Results indicated that sewage sludge has a positive and significant effect on dry matter yield of bean (12.6 %). The addition of this material also increased the uptake and concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn (measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer) in bean shoot demonstrating the applicability of this substance in the supply of cationic trace elements for plants. The addition of a mix of rice husk biochar and crop residues to sewage sludge treated soil had a positive effect on the growth of bean, in such a way the maximum dry matter yield was obtained in the interaction of this treatment with the application of sewage sludge at 100 g Kg-1 level that had a growth rate 40.4 % as compared to the control treatment. Generally, the use of rice husk biochar and crop residues significantly decreased mean Zn and Mn concentrations in bean shoots as compared to the control. But the addition of rice crop residues and a mix of rice husk biochar and crop residues caused a significant decrease in mean Cu concentration in bean shoots. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| sewage sludge, Rice husk biochar, crop residues, Bean, micro nutrients | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Afyuni, M, Schulin, R., Rezaeinejad, Y., 2006. Extractability and plant uptake of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd from a sludge - amended Haplargid in central Iran. Arid Land Research Management 20(1): 29 – 41. Ahmad, M., Rajapaksha, A.U., Lim, J.E., Zhang, M., Bolan, N., Mohan, D., Vithanage, M., Lee, S.S., Ok, Y.S., 2014. Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review. Chemosphere 99: 19-33. Amonette, J.E., Joseph, S., 2009. Physical properties of biochar. London Sterling, VA, In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (Eds.), Biochar for Environmental Management, 13-29 pp. Baran, A., Cayci, G., Kutak, C., Hartmann, R., 2001.The effect of grape mare as growingmedium on growth of hypostases plant. Bioresource Technology, 78: 103-106. Beesley, L., Marmiroli, M., Pagano, L.,Pigoni, V., Fellet, G., Fresno, T., Vamerali, T., Bandiera, M., Marmiroli, N., 2013. Biochar addition to an arsenic contaminated soil increases arsenic concentrations in the pore water but reduces uptake to tomato plants (solanum lycopersicum L.). Science of the Total Environment 454-455: 598-603. Bian, R., Chen, D., Liu, X., Cui, L., Li, L., Pan, G., Xie, D., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Chang, A., 2013. Biochar soil amendment as asolution to prevent cd-tainted rice from china: results from a cross-site field experiment. Ecological Engineering. 58: 378-383. Boostani, H. R., Ronaghi, A., 2011. Comparison of sewage sludge and chemical fertilizer application on yield and concentration of some nutrients in spinach (Spinosa olerace L.) in three textural classes of a calcareous soil. Journal of Water and Soil 2: 65-74. (In Persian). Bouyoucos, G. J., 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle-size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54(5): 464-465 Bremner, J. M., 1965. Total Nitrogen.In C. A. Black et al. (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis.American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI. 1149-1178 pp. Chang A.C., Hyun, H., page, A.L., 1997. Cadmium uptake for swiss chard grown on composted sewage sludge treated field plots: plateau or time bombo. Journal of Environmental Quality, 26: 11-19. Egan, M., 2013. Biosolids management strategies: an evaluation of energy production as an alternative to land application. Environmental Science Pollution Research 20: 4299–4310. Gu, X.Y., Wong, J.W.C., Tyagi, R.D. 2017. Bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge for land application. In: Wong, J., Tyagi, R., Pandey, A.,(Eds.),Curreent Development in Biotechnology and Bioengineering Solid Waste Management, 241-265 pp. Gwenzi, W., Muzava, M., Mapanda., F., Tauro., T.P., 2016. Comparative short-term effects of sewage sludge and its biochar on soil properties, maize growth and uptake of nutrients on a tropical clay soil in Zimbabwe. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 15: 1395-1406. Hodgson, J. F., Lindsay, W. L., Trierweiler, J. F., 1966. Micronutrient cation complexing in soil solution: ІІ complexing of zinc and copper in displaced solution from calcareous soils. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 30: 723-726. Hosseinpour, R., Sepanlou, M. G., Salek Gilani, S., 2016. The Effects of Sewage Sludge and Chemical Fertilizers on Concentration of Some Microelements in Soil and Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.). Journal of suistainable Agriculture and Production Science, 26: 31-43. (In Persian). Houdaji, M., Abedi, M.J., Afyuni, M., Mousavi, S.F., 2003. Effect of sewage sludge and cadmiumapplication on cadmium concentrations in cress, lettuce and spinach, Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 9: 57-72 (In Persian). Jeffery, S., Verheijen, F.G.A., van der Velde, M., Bastos, A.C., 2011. A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 144: 175-187. Karami, M., Afyuni, M., Rezaee Nejad, Y., Khosh Goftarmanesh, A., 2009. Cumulative and Residual Effects of Sewage Sludge on Zinc and Copper Concentration in Soil and Wheat. JWSS - Isfahan University of Technology. 12 (46): 639-654. (In Persian). Lehmann, J. 2007. Bio-energy in the black. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 5: 381–387. Lehmann, J., Joseph, S., 2015. Biochar for environmental management; an introduction. In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (Eds.), biochar for environmental management: Science and Technology. Earthscan, Londan. Lindsay, W. L., Norvell, W. A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 42: 421-428. McBride, M. B., 2002. Cadmium uptake by crops estimated from soil total Cd and pH. Soil Science, 167: 62-67. Melo, L.C.A., Coscione, A.R., Abreu, C.A., Puga, A.P. Camargo, O.A., 2013.Influence of pyrolysis temperature on cadmium and zinc sorption capacity of sugar cane straw derived biochar. Bioresources 8: 4992-5002. Naeem, A. M., Muhammad, K., Muhammad, A., Ghulam., A., Muhammad., T., Muhammad. A., Behzad., M., Aizheng. Y., Saqib Saleem, A., 2017. Effect of wheat and rice straw biochar produced at different temperatures on maize growth and nutrient dynamics of a calcareous soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 63: 2048-2061. Nazari, M. A., Shariatmadari, H., Afyuni, M., Mobli, M., Rahili, Sh., 2006.Effect ofIndustrial Sewage-Sludge and Effluents Application on Concentration of SomeElements and Dry Matter Yield of Wheat, Barley and Corn. JWSS - IsfahanUniversity of Technology, 10: 97-111. (In Persian). Neilsen, G.H., Hogue, E.J., Neilsen, D. Zebarth, B. J., 1998. Evaluation of organic wastes as soil amendments for cultivation of carrot and chard on irrigated sandy soils. Canadian Journal Soil Science, 78: 217-225. Nelson, D. W., Sommers, L. E., 1960. Total Carbon and Organic Matter. In D. L. Sparks et al. (eds) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part III. 3rd ed. Soil Science Society of America Journa, American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. 961-1010 Oleszczuk, P., Hale, S.E., Lehmann, J., Cornelissen, G., 2012. Activated carbon and biochar amendments decrease pore-water concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sewage sludge. Bioresource Technology 111, 84-91 Park, J.H., Choppala, G.K., Bolan, N.S., Chung, J.W., Chuasavathi, T., 2011. Biochar reduces the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals. Plant Soil, 348: 439-451. Puga, A.P., Abreu, C.A., Melo, L.C.A., Beesley, L., 2015. Biochar application to a contaminated soil reduces the availability and plant uptake of zinc, lead and cadmium. Journal of Environmental Management. 159: 86-93. Rajabi, H., 2014. Effect of pistachio residue biochar, sewage sludge, and chemical fertilizer on the bioavailibility and uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by spinach. Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science, Shiraz University, Iran. (In Persian). Rees, F., Simonnot, M.O., Morel, J.L., 2014. Short-term effects of biochar on soil heavy metal mobility are controlled by intra-particle diffusion and soil pH increase. European Journal of Soil Science, 65: 149-161. Ronaghi, A., Ghasemi-Fasaei, R., 2008. Field Evaluations of Yield, Iron-Manganese Relationship, and Chlorophyll Meter Readings in Soybean Genotypes as Affected by Iron-Ethylenediamine Di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic Acid in a Calcareous Soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31: 81–89. Schultz, H., Bruno, G., 2012. Effects of biochar compared to organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a greenhouse experiment. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 175: 410–422. Suciu, N.A., Lamastra, L. Trevisan, M., 2015. PAHs content of sewage sludge in Europe and its use as soil fertilizer. Waste Management, 41: 119-127. Tang, J., Zhu, W., Kookana, R., Katayama, A., 2013. Characteristics of biochar and its application in remediation of contaminated soil. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 116: 653-659. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 709 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 577 |
||