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اندازه‌گیری فرسایش خاک در بازه‌های مختلف زمانی در حوضۀ آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از میخ‌های فرسایش | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 25، دوره 5، شماره 2، تیر 1397، صفحه 675-685 اصل مقاله (1.15 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2017.227553.477 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد دریکوندی1؛ عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان* 2؛ کامران چپی3 | ||
| 1دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش حاضر به منظور اندازه‌گیری مقدار فرسایش در مقیاسهای زمانی ماهانه، سهماهه، ششماهه و یکساله انجام شد. سه شبکۀ میخ فرسایش در سه جهت شیب شمالی، شمال غربی و شرقی در زیرحوضۀ آبخیز شاهد در حوضۀ آبخیز معرف خامسان به‌منظور اندازه‌گیری فرسایش طی دورۀ زمانی مهر 1394 تا شهریور 1395 انتخاب شدند. به دلیل قرائت ماهانه میخ‌های فرسایش، از امکان تحلیل فرسایش در بازه‌های زمانی کمتر از یک سال (ماهانه، سهماهه و ششماهه) برای تعیین میزان مشارکت این بازه‌های زمانی در فرسایش سالانۀ خاک استفاده شد. بنابراین، با درنظرگرفتن قرائت میخها متوسط تغییرات ارتفاع خاک و در نهایت مقدار متوسط فرسایش خاک سالانه برابر با 22/17 تن در هکتار محاسبه شد. همچنین، مشارکت مقیاسهای زمانی ماهانه، سهماهه، ششماهه در فرسایش سالانه نیز به‌ترتیب 81/5، 33/7 و 52/9 تن در هکتار برابر با 34، 43 و 55 درصد فرسایش سالانه محاسبه شد. بهرغم وجود اختلاف درخور توجه در مقدار متوسط فرسایش در بازه‌های زمانی مختلف و مشارکت آنها در فرسایش سالانه، نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس یکطرفه نشان داد اثر مقیاس زمانی بر فرسایش خاک معنادار نیست. دلیل اصلی نبود تفاوت معناداری فرسایش خاک در مقیاسهای زمانی مختلف، واریانس زیاد دادههای حاصل از میخ‌های فرسایش ناشی از منابع متعدد خطا در روش یادشده بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پاشمان خاک؛ جهت شیب؛ فرسایش بینشیاری؛ مقیاس زمانی؛ میخ فرسایش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Measuring Soil Erosion at Different Time Intervals in Khamsan Representative Watershed using Erosion Pins | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Derikvandi1؛ Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan2؛ Kamran Chapi3 | ||
| 1Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University, Noor, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University, Noor, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The present study was conducted to calculate the amount of erosion in monthly, quarterly, six-month and one-year time scales. Three erosion pin networks in three aspects of north, northwest and eastern slopes in control subwatershed of Khamsan representative watershed were selected in order to measure erosion during the period of October 2015 to September 2016. Due to the monthly records of erosion pins, the possibility of erosion analyzing in the intervals of less than one year (monthly, quarterly, and sixth) was used to determine the contribution of these periods in annual soil erosion. Therefore, considering pin records, the average changes in the height of the soil and, finally, the average amount of annual erosion was calculated about 17.22 t ha-1. Also, the participation of monthly, quarterly, and six month intervals in annual erosion was calculated to be 5.81, 7.33 and 9.52 t ha-1, respectively which are about 34, 43 and 55% of annual erosion. Despite significant differences in the average amount of erosion in different time periods and their participation in annual erosion, the results of one-way ANOVA showed that the effect of time scale on soil erosion is not significant. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Erosion pin, Interrill erosion, Slope aspects, Soil splash, time scale | ||
| مراجع | ||
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