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بررسی تأثیر افت سطح آب زیرزمینی روی فرایند فرسایش خاک و تشکیل پدیدۀ گردوغبار | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 23، دوره 5، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 1017-1035 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2018.241942.728 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| غلامرضا عزیزیان* 1؛ سید آرمان هاشمی منفرد2؛ امیرحسین جوان محصل3؛ محسن دهقانی درمیان4 | ||
| 1استادیار، دانشکدۀ مهندسی شهید نیکبخت، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
| 2دانشیار، دانشکدۀ مهندسی شهید نیکبخت، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
| 3فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ مهندسی شهید نیکبخت، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
| 4دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدۀ مهندسی شهید نیکبخت، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| حفر بیرویۀ چاههای عمیق، سبب افت سطح آب زیرزمینی و مسائل ناشی از آن شده است که مهمترین آن نابودی پوشش گیاهی دشتها است که آب مورد نیاز خود را از رطوبت موجود در زمین میگیرند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، تجزیه و تحلیل کاهش رطوبت خاک سطحی و منبع تولید گردوغبار در حوضۀ هامون- هیرمند از استان سیستان و بلوچستان است. به منظور رسیدن به این اهداف، از نرمافزار WEAP برای شبیهسازی افت جریان زیرسطحی استفاده شده و سپس با اعمال سناریوهای مدیریتی منابع آب، مقدار افت جریان زیرسطحی تا سال 2031 شبیهسازی شد. با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی بهترین گزینه از بین سناریوها انتخاب شد. منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده تحت این سناریو در پایان سال هدف، 29 سانتی‌متر افت جریان زیرسطحی دارد و مقدار کل نیاز تأمین‌نشده برای معیارهای مختلف همچون شرب، کشاورزی و زیست‌محیطی برابر 83/1804 میلیون مترمکعب است. سرعت باد در منطقۀ مطالعه‌شده بیش از سرعت آستانۀ حرکت ذرات است (بیش از 400 سانتی‌متر بر ثانیه)، بنابراین منطقه توان تولید گردوغبار دارد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل کاهش رطوبت خاک سطحی از مدل HYDRUS-1D در مقالۀ حاضر استفاده شده است و نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان از کاهش مقدار رطوبت خاک در هر سال دارد. درضمن، ارتباط بین افت جریان زیرسطحی و کاهش مقدار رطوبت خاک در تولید گردوغبار بررسی شد و این نتیجه به دست آمد که کاهش رطوبت خاک سطحی ارتباط نزدیکی با افت جریان زیرسطحی به اندازۀ حداکثر 83/93 سانتی‌متر و همچنین توان تولید گردوغبار متناسب با آن را دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| افت سطح آب زیرزمینی؛ حوضۀ هامون‌ـ هیرمند؛ رطوبت خاک؛ گردوغبار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating of Groundwater Head-Loss Impact on Soil Erosion Process and Formation of Dust Phenomenon | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| gholamreza azizyan1؛ Seyed Arman Hashemi Monfared2؛ Amirhosein Javan Mohasel3؛ Mohsen Dehghani Darmian4 | ||
| 1Assistance Professor, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, zahedan, Iran | ||
| 3university of Sistan and Baluchestan | ||
| 4Ph. D. Candidate, Shahid Nikbakht Faculty of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The purpose of this research is to analyze the decrease of surface moisture and source of dusts in Hamoon-Hirmand Basin of Sistan and Baluchestan province. In order to achieve the objectives of this paper, WEAP software was used to simulate subsurface flow drops and then, by applying water resource management scenarios, the subsurface flow loss rate was simulated by 2031. Using the hierarchical analysis method, the best option among the scenarios was selected and the area under study under this scenario at the end of the year is 29 cm below the subsurface flow rate and the total unsecured amount for various criteria such as drinking, agriculture And the environment is equal to 804.183 million cubic meters. The wind speed in the study area is greater than the velocity threshold of the particles (more than 400 cm / s), so the area is capable of producing dust. The HYDRYS-1D model has been used to analyze the soil moisture content reduction in this paper. The obtained results indicate a decrease in soil moisture content in each year. It was concluded that the reduction of soil moisture content is closely related to the subsurface flow rate and the potential for dust | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Groundwater Head Loss, Soil moisture, Dust, Hamoon Hirmand Basin | ||
| مراجع | ||
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