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آشکارسازی روند تغییرات کاربری اراضی و تآثیر آن بر دبی و بار معلق شبیه سازی شده با مدل SWAT (مطالعه موردی: آبخیز گالیکش استان گلستان) | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 71، شماره 2، شهریور 1397، صفحه 489-504 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2018.139221.947 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ایوب مرادی* 1؛ علی نجفی نژاد2؛ مجید اونق3؛ چوقی بایرام کمکی4؛ مهرانگیز فولادی منصوری5 | ||
| 1دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،گرگان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،گرگان، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،گرگان، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار گروه آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،گرگان، ایران | ||
| 5دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه ملایر،، ملایر، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شیوههای بهرهبرداری اراضی، تخریب مناطق جنگلی و مرتعی، رهاسازی اراضی و توسعۀ مناطق مسکونی از جمله عواملی هستند که بر شدت جریان آب، شدت فرسایش و تولید رسوب اثر میگذارند. به همین دلیل آگاهی ازمیزان اثر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر روی دبی و بار معلق یک ضرورت اجتنابناپذیر است. در مطالعۀ حاضر برای بررسی این اثرات از مدل نیمه توزیعی SWAT در آبخیز گالیکش استان گلستان به مساحت تقریبی 39 هزار هکتار استفاده شد. مدل مذکور برای شبیهسازی، واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی و در نهایت بهینهسازی پارامترهای مؤثر بر دبی و بار معلق در یک دورۀ 27 ساله مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نقشههای کاربری اراضی از سه تصویر ماهوارۀ لندست سالهای 1987، 2000 و 2013 تهیه شدند. در این مطالعه از روش SUFI2 برای واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل استفاده شد. معیار ناش- ساتکلیف (NS) به عنوان تابع هدف در مرحلۀ واسنجی (1990- 2007) برای دبی و بار معلق به ترتیب 63/0 و 61/0 بهدست آمد که با توجه به دامنههای تفسیری مورد استفاده در تحقیقات گذشته، قابل قبول ارزیابی شد. برای بررسی اثر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر مقدار رواناب و رسوب تمام ورودیهای مدل به غیر از کاربری اراضی ثابت فرض شد و نتایج نشان داد که تغییرات کاربری اراضی از سال 1987 تا 2013 موجب افزایش ارتفاع رواناب سطحی به میزان 40/1 میلیمتر و افزایش غلظت رسوب به میزان 2 تن در هکتار در سال شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| لندست؛ تغییر کاربری؛ بار معلق؛ مدل SWAT؛ گالیکش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Landuse changes detection and evaluation of their effects on simulated discharge and sediment yield using SWAT model (Case Study: Galikesh Watershed, Golestan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ayoub moradi1؛ Ali Nakafinejad2؛ Majid Ownagh3؛ Choghi Bairam Komaki4؛ mehrangiz foladi mansouri5 | ||
| 1gorgan u | ||
| 2Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciencesand Natural Resources | ||
| 3Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciencesand Natural Resources | ||
| 4Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciencesand Natural Resources | ||
| 5university if malayer | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Indiscriminate land utilization methods, forest and rangeland degradation, land abandonment and development of residential areas contribute to the changes in flow intensity, erosion rate and sedimentation. Therefore, having knowledge on the effect of land use changes on discharge flow and sediment yield has been found necessary. The present research aims at investigating the effects of these factors by means of the semi-distributed Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Galikesh watershed, Golestan province (as a tributary of the River Gorganroud), in an area covering approximately 39000 hectares. This model was used in a 27-year period for simulation, calibration, validation and optimization of the parameters affecting flow and sediment yield. Land-use maps were prepared form the Landsat imageries dated 1987, 2000 and 2013. The SUFI2 model was used for model calibration and validation. Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) index was used as the objective function during model calibration (1990-2007) for the simulation of discharge and suspended load, which resulted in 0.63 and 0.61 that could be interpreted as satisfactory compared to the standards set in previous research. To evaluate the effect of land use changes on runoff and sediment yield, all model inputs, other than land use, were assumed constant. The results demonstrated that land use changes since 1987 to 2013 have led to an increase in annual runoff height by 1.40 mm and annual sediment concentration by 2 t.ha-1. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Landsat, Land Use Change, Sediment yield, SWAT Model, Galikesh | ||
| مراجع | ||
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