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نگارههای ساحلی و قواعد ژئومورفیک سکونتگاهی (مطالعۀ موردی: ساحل شمالی خلیج فارس) | ||
پژوهش های جغرافیای طبیعی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 50، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 407-423 اصل مقاله (1.8 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jphgr.2018.236004.1007072 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه نعمت الهی1؛ محمدحسین رامشت* 2؛ سیدعلی المدرسی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة علوم جغرافیایی و برنامهریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان | ||
2استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة علوم جغرافیایی و برنامهریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان | ||
3دانشیار گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی یزد | ||
چکیده | ||
چیدمان فضای سکونتگاهها دارای منطق خاصی است و از قوانین ویژهای هم تبعیت میکند. از جمله نگارههای ژئومورفولوژیک، که میراث تغییرات سطح تراز آب دریاست و جمعیت کثیری از مردم دنیا در آن سکونت گزیدهاند، نگارههای ساحلی است. براساس مطالعات اخیر، خلیجفارس از هجدههزار سال پیش تراز 70 متر بالاتر از سطح امروزی را هم تجربه کرده و حاصل چنین بالاآمدگی و رسوبگذاری دریایی دشتهای ساحلی است که در اصطلاح پدیدارشناسی به آن نگارة دریایی اطلاق میشود. آنچه برای یک ژئومورفولوژیست اهمیت پیدا میکند درک تحلیلهای ژئومورفولوژیکی قواعد چیدمان این سکونتگاههاست. نگارندگان در این مقاله کوشیدهاند، ضمن طرح مفاهیم جدیدی در دانش ژئومورفولوژی، بر اساس روش تحلیل گفتمان و تفسیر پدیدارشناختی، به استخراج منطق ریاضی چیدمان فضای سکونتگاهی در سواحل خلیجفارس مبادرت کنند. حاصل بررسیهای بهعملآمده با این روش نشان میدهد که: منطق چیدمان سکونتگاههای نگارة دریایی در خوزستان با نگارههای ساحلی به سمت شرق تفاوت دارد. سکونتگاههای شهری در نگارة دریایی خوزستان از قانون بیفورکاسیون تبعیت میکنند. سکونتگاههای روستایی در نگارة دریایی خوزستان از قاعدة مآندرینگ وجه محدب تبعیت میکنند. سکونتگاههای ساحلی در نگارة دریایی بوشهر- بندرعباس از قاعدة frequency- Magnitude تراسهای دریایی تبعیت میکنند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پدیدارشناختی؛ تراس دریایی؛ چیدمان فضا؛ خلیج فارس؛ نگارة سرزمینی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Coastal Features and Settlement Geomorphic Rules (Case study: Northern Coast of Persian Gulf) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Fatemeh Nematollahi1؛ Mohammad Hossain Ramesht2؛ Seyed Ali Almodaresi3 | ||
1PhD Candidate in Physical Geography, Faculty of Geography and Planning, University of Isfahan, Iran | ||
2Professor of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geography and Planning, University of Isfahan, Iran | ||
3Associate Professor of RS & GIS, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Yazd, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Introduction Thesettlement space has certain logic and rules. The Persian Gulf was 70 meters higher than today sea level. The result of this uplift is the coastal plains which in phenomenological term is called marine context. It is important for a geomorphologist to understand the geomorphological analysis of the rules of the residence in marine context. This study attempted to raise new concepts in geomorphology based on discourse analysis and a phenomenological interpretation to derive the mathematical logic of residence on the shores of the Persian Gulf. The results obtained by this method show that urban residence in the marine context of Khuzestan follow Bifurcation rule, rural residence in the marine context of Khuzestan follow meandering convex rule, and the coastal residence in the marine context of Bushehr - Bandar Abbas follow frequency. Materials and methods The data used in this study includes five factors of climate, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, pressure and evaporation to prepare land context, data from Delaware, GPCC and NCEP / NCAR of global networks. These were processed in programming environment. For homogeneity of spatial resolution, conventional method of resampling was used. The output of this operation was matrices with monthly intervals and 0.5 × 0.5 separation of geographic latitude. After preparing the data, they were descaled and then standardized layers were prepared using linear relation. The next step was preparation of the results of the matrix difference in ArcMap; raster analysis was conducted by combining layers to obtain the final map. After recognition of two distinct texture using Hillier’s Space Syntax, analysis of urban layout and the arrangement of drainage networks of Karkheh and Karun rivers were extracted to determine the extent of rural civilization. The village layout was determined using river meanders. In the second image, the layout logic of coastal population centers was specified with coastal terraces 5, 10, 25 and 50 meters and the logical arrangement of this population were assessed against them. Results and discussion The logic syntax in marine context is associated with sea water level changes in the Persian Gulf and Karkheh and Karun rivers. To explain and extract the syntax logic of residence centers on the marine context, we initially specified the networks of Karun and Karkheh rivers, based on Hillier’s syntax logic. In addition, the organization was compared with residence centers. This comparison showed that urban areas are located only in places where rivers have split. To analyze the behavior of the river in connection with rural residence, meanders of Karkheh and Karun rivers were identified. By contrasting rural residence, it was attempted to explain the space identity of each village location with regard to the fluvial meanders. The results showed that the villages in the marine context are settled along the slopes of meanders convexity. The concavities of the rivers have no remnants of residence. To achieve the coastal context syntax logic, the relationship between population centers and coastal terraces were examined through matching the residence spot layers and marine terraces. The analysis of terraces 5, 10, 25 and 50 meters has indicated that there is a specific relationship between the number of population centers and their population with the distance of the terraces to the coastline and their arrangement along the marine terraces. As the distance of the population centers from the beach are changed largely in number and size; in other words, spatial syntax logic is consistent with Newton's law of gravity inverse. Conclusion From the discussion provided, it can be concluded that marine Context defines the syntax rules of settlements and the mathematical rules of layout logic in the area of Iran. * The first mathematical rule states that marine areas impose Bifurcation rule on river behaviors (Karkheh and Karun). This indicates that urban residence is formed in the division spot. * The second identifying rule of rivers in marine area is known as river meander which starts to meandering as they enter into marine context. Each wave has a convex side and a concave side. The convex face of wave creates a special place identity that leads to a social organization. * The results of marine context indicate another rule for the logic of residence centers’ layout that can be summarized as the frequency- magnitude rule. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Phenomenological, marine terrace, space syntax, Persian Gulf, land-context | ||
مراجع | ||
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