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بررسی اثر اسید سالسیلیک بر روی کارایی علفکش‌ها در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز مزرعه ذرت | ||
| علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 49، شماره 4، اسفند 1397، صفحه 195-210 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijfcs.2017.225098.654247 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سهیلا پورحیدرغفاربی* 1؛ حمید رحیمیان مشهدی2؛ حسن علیزاده3؛ سیروس حسن نژاد4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه تهران، پردیس کشاورزیو منابع طبیعی، دانشکده علوم مهندسی زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات | ||
| 2پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشکده علوم مهندسی زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات | ||
| 3پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشکده مهندسی علوم زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات | ||
| 4دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثرات اسید سالسیلیک روی ذرت، علف‌های هرز و کارایی برخی علفکش‌ها آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتور اول 10 سطح شامل 8 تیمار علفکشی (بنتازون، نیکوسولفورون، توفوردی + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ، بروموکسینیل + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ، ریم سولفورون، نیکوسولفورون+ریم سولفورون، مزوتریون + اس‌متاکلر + تربوتیلازین، یدوسولفورون + فورام سولفورون + تین‌کاربازن) و 2 تیمار شاهد (عاری از علف‌هرز و آلوده به علف‌هرز) و فاکتور دوم محلول پاشی اسید سالسیلیک در 2 سطح (شامل 0 (آب مقطر) و اسید سالسیلیک 1میلی‌مولار ) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اسید سالسیلیک، قادر است سطح برگ، وزن خشک برگ و ساقه ذرت را افزایش دهد. این افزایش در تیمارهای علفکشی موفق در کنترل علف‌های هرز چشمگیرتر بود. در تیمار شاهد آلوده به علف‌هرز، اسید سالسیلیک تراکم و وزن خشک سلمه‌تره به عنوان علف‌هرز غالب مزرعه افزایش داد. بنابراین در حضور علف‌های هرز اسید سالسیلیک بیشتر به نفع علف هرز می‌باشد. نیکوسولفورون عملکرد ضعیفی در کنترل علف‌های‌هرز داشت و کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز را افزایش داد. بروموکسینیل + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ، مزوتریون + اس‌متاکلر + تربوتیلازین و توفوردی + ام‌سی‌پی‌آ موفق‌ترین علفکش‌ها در کاهش تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز بودند و کارایی آن‌ها تحت تاثیر اسیدسالسیلیک کاهش نیافت. بنابراین در تیمارهای علفکشی با کارایی ضعیف در کنترل علف های هرز، کاربرد اسیدسالسیلیک بیشتر به نفع علف‌هرز خواهد بود. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک با علفکش‌های ضعیف در کنترل علف‌های-هرز توصیه نمی‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسید سالسیلیک؛ بیوماس؛ تراکم؛ علفکش؛ عملکرد ذرت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Survey of salicylic acid effect on herbicide efficiency in control of corn field weeds | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Soheila Porheidar Ghafarbi1؛ Hamid Rahimian Mashhadi2؛ Hassan Alizade3؛ Sirous Hassannejad4 | ||
| 1University of Tehran, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breading | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breading, University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breading, University of Tehran, Karaj - Iran | ||
| 4University of Tabriz, Africultural Faculty, Department of Eco-Physiology | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to assess the effects salicylic acid (SA) on corn, weeds, and some herbicide efficiency, a factorial experiment with two factor as randomized complete block (RCB) designed with three replications was conducted research field of university of Tabriz- Iran in 2015. The first factor 10 levels including 8 herbicide treatments (Bentason, Nicosulfuron, 2,4-D + MCPA, Bromoxynil + MCPA, Rimsulfuron, Nicosulfuron + Rimsulfuron, Mesotrion + S-metolacholor + Terbuthlazine, Udosulfuron + Foramsulfuron + Tincarbason), and 2 controls treatments (weed free and weed infest), and the second factor was SA with 2 levels (0 (distilled water), and 1 mM SA). Results show that SA can increase corn leaf area, and dry weight of leaf and stem. This increase was outstanding in herbicides that could successfully control weeds. SA in weed infested treatment, increased common lambesquraters (Chenopodium album L.) density and dry weight, as the main weed species observed in the field. So in presence of weeds, SA is more benefit for weeds. Nicosulfuron was weak in weed control, and SA application increased weeds density and dry weights. Bromoxynil + MCPA, Mesotrion + S-metolacholor + Terbuthlazine, and 2,4-D + MCPA were successful herbicides in reduction weeds density and dry weight, and their efficiency was not reduced in presence of SA. Therefore, in herbicide treatments with weak efficiency in weed control, usage of SA is more benefit for weeds. According to obtained results, applying SA is not recommended with weak efficiency herbicides in weed control. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biomass, corn yield, Density, herbicide, Salicylic Acid | ||
| مراجع | ||
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