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پیآمد کاربرد کود گاوی و زغال زیستی آن بر برخی از فرآیندهای چرخه نیتروژن در خاک | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 50، شماره 3، مرداد 1398، صفحه 515-525 اصل مقاله (547.25 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.268289.668039 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صفورا ناهیدان* 1؛ علی اکبر صفری سنجانی2 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در سالهای اخیر، کاربرد زغال زیستی در خاکهای سرزمینهای خشک و نیمهخشک به منظور افزایش کربن آلی خاک مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. با وجود این، گزارشهای اندکی در ارتباط با پیامد زغال زیستی بر بازچرخ نیتروژن در خاکهای چنین سرزمینهایی در دست است. هدف از پژوهش اخیر بررسی پیامد کاربرد کود گاوی و زغال زیستی آن بر برخی از فرآیندها و ویژگیهای زیستی کارا در چرخه نیتروژن در یک خاک آهکی میباشد. بدین منظور مقادیر 0، 1، 2 و 5 درصد از کود گاوی و زغال زیستی آن به یک خاک آهکی افزوده شد و سپس برای 30 و 90 روز انکوباسیون گردید. یافتهها نشان داد که نیتروژن زیست‌توده میکروبی و فعالیت آنزیم اورهآز در خاکهای تیمارشده به کود گاوی با شدت بیشتری در برابر خاکهای تیمارشده به زغال زیستی افزایش مییابند. کاربرد زغال زیستی به میزان 2 و 5 درصد، کانی شدن نیتروژن را به میزان 5/20 و 3/32 درصد در زمان 30 روز و به میزان 103 و 106 درصد در زمان 90 روز انکوباسیون افزایش داد. افزودن 1 تا 5 درصد کود گاوی به خاک، افزایش کانی شدن نیتروژن را به میزان 38-235 درصد در زمان 30 روز و 105-214 درصد در زمان 90 روز انکوباسیون به همراه داشت. در 30 روز انکوباسیون، تنها کاربرد 5 درصد زغال زیستی، نیتریفیکاسیون را افزایش داد. در 90 روز انکوباسیون، کاربرد 1، 2 و 5 درصد زغال زیستی، افزایش نیتریفیکاسیون را به میزان10-50 درصد در برابر شاهد به همراه داشت. در برابر آن، افزودن کود گاوی به خاک باعث افزایش نیتریفیکاسیون به میزان 300-1500 و 39-95 درصد در برابر شاهد پس از 30 و 90 روز انکوباسیون شد. به طور کلی، یافتهها نشان داد که کاربرد زغال زیستی کود گاوی در برابر کود گاوی میتواند کانی شدن نیتروژن و نیتریفیکاسیون را کاهش داده و از آبشویی سریع نیترات جلوگیری نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زغال زیستی کود گاوی؛ کانی شدن نیتروژن؛ آمونیفیکاسیون؛ نیتریفیکاسیون | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Application Effect of Cow Manure and Its Biochar on Some N Cycling Processes in Soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Safoora Nahidan1؛ Ali Akbar Safari Sinejani2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Soil Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 2Professor of Soil Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In recent year, application of biochar in soils of dry and semi-arid regions has been considered for increasing soil organic carbon. However, few reports are available about the effect of biochar on nitrogen cycling in such soils. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cow manure and its biochar on some N cycling processes and related biological properties in a calcareous soil. For this purpose, 0, 1, 2 and 5% of cow manure and its biochar were added to a calcareous soil and then the treated soils incubated for 30 and 90 days. The results showed that the microbial biomass nitrogen and urease activity in the soils treated with cow manure increased more intensively against the soils treated with biochar. The application of 2 and 5% of biochar increased the nitrogen mineralization by 20.5 and 32.3% at 30-days incubation, and by 103 and 106% at 90-days incubation. Addition of cow manure to soil led to a significant increase in nitrogen mineralization by 38-233% at 30-day incubation and 21- 105% at 90-day incubation. At 30-days of incubation, nitrification increased in soils treated by 5% of biochar. The addition of biochar to the soil increased nitrification by 10-50% compared to the control at 90-days of incubation. The addition of cow manure to soil increased nitrification by 1500-300% and 39-95% in comparison to the control after 30 and 90 days of incubation. In general, our findings showed that the use of cow manure biochar compared with cow manure could reduce nitrogen mineralization and nitrification and prevent rapid nitrate leaching. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cow manure biochar, nitrogen mineralization, ammonification, nitrification | ||
| مراجع | ||
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