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تاثیر قارچهای میکوریزی و باکتری حلکننده فسفات بر رشد ذرت و جذب کادمیوم در خاکهای آلوده شده | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 50، شماره 10، اسفند 1398، صفحه 2413-2423 اصل مقاله (741.01 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2019.282270.668218 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه رستمی1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ مسلم حیدری* 3 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد بیولوژی خاک، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان | ||
2استاد گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان | ||
3دانشجوی دکتری زراعت- دانشگاه زنجان- دانشکده کشاورزی- گروه زراعت | ||
چکیده | ||
به منظور بررسی تاثیرکودهای زیستی بر میزان آلودگی گیاهان به فلزات سنگین، آزمایشی در گلخانه گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال 1394 در قالب فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی عبارت بودند از فاکتور اول: سطوح آلودگی خاک به کادمیوم (0، 10، 25، 50، 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و فاکتور دوم: تلقیح با قارچهای میکوریز و باکتری حلکننده فسفات شامل: باکتری حلکنندهی فسفات Pseudomonas putida، قارچ میکوریز Funneliformis mosseaeو قارچ میکوریز Rhizophagus intraradices بود. فاکتورهای مورد اندازهگیری شامل: شاخص کلروفیل برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی، فسفر و پتاسیم ریشه و اندام هوایی و غلظت کادمیوم در گیاه بود. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که کاربرد کودهای زیستی شاخصهای کلروفیل برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندامهای هوایی، فسفر و پتاسیم ریشه و اندام هوایی ذرت را نسبت به تیمار شاهد به طور معنیداری افزایش داد. تیمار قارچ Funneliformis mosseae و باکتری حلکننده فسفات (M+P) توانست میزان کلروفیل برگ و ارتفاع گیاه را به ترتیب 93/11 و 89/21 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون تلقیح) بهبود دهد. با افزایش سطوح آلودگی خاک به کادمیوم، شاخص کلروفیل برگ بهطور معنیداری کاهش یافت. اعمال توام تیمار قارچ Funneliformis mosseae و باکتری حلکننده فسفر (M+P) و کادمیوم به گلدانهای حاوی ذرت توانست وزن خشک ریشه و بخش هوایی گیاه را به ترتیب 6 و 7 درصد نسبت به تیمار 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم خاک کادمیوم افزایش دهد. به طور کلی نتایج حاکی از آن بود که تلقیح خاک با کودهای زیستی میتواند اثرات سوء و مضر کادمیوم بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه را کاهش دهد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
قارچهای میکوریزی؛ باکتریهای حل کننده فسفات؛ کادمیوم؛ خاکهای آلوده | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Corn Growth and Cadmium Uptake in Cadmium Spiked Soils | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
fatemeh rostami1؛ ahmad golchin2؛ moslem heydari3 | ||
1MSc of Soil Biology, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan | ||
2Professor of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University | ||
3Ph.D. student of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to investigate the effect of bio-fertilizers on contamination rate of plants to heavy metals, a factorial experiment based on completly randomized design with three replications was carried out in greenhouse of soil science department at agriculture faculty of Zanjan University in 2015. The proposed treatments were: contamination levels of soil to cadmium (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg of cadmium per Kg of soil) and inoculation with bio-fertilizers including; phosphate solubilizing bacteria Pseudomonas putida, mycorhiza fungi Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices. The measured factors were leaf chlorophyll index, plant height, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, phosphorus and potassium of shoot and root and cadmium concentration in plant. The results indicated that the use of bio-fertilizers increased the leaf chlorophyll index, plant height, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, phosphorus and potassium of shoot and root significantly as compare to the control. The treatment of Funneliformis mosseae and Pseudomonas putida (M+P) could improve leaf chlorophyll index and plant height by 11.93 and 21.89 % in comparing whit control respectively. The chlorophyll index was significantly decreased by increasing cadmium levels in the soil. Simultaneous application of Funneliformis mosseae and Pseudomonas putida (M+P) and cadmium increased the shoot and root dry weight by 6 and 7 % as compared to treatment of 100 mg cadmium per Kg of soil. Totally, the results indicated that the inoculation of soil whit bio-fertilizers could reduce the harmful effects of cadmium on plants growth and yield. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Mycorrhizal fungi, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Cadmium, Contaminated soils | ||
مراجع | ||
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